/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/  FatFs - Generic FAT file system module  R0.12b                             /
/-----------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/
/ Copyright (C) 2016, ChaN, all right reserved.
/
/ FatFs module is an open source software. Redistribution and use of FatFs in
/ source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided
/ that the following condition is met:

/ 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
/    this condition and the following disclaimer.
/
/ This software is provided by the copyright holder and contributors "AS IS"
/ and any warranties related to this software are DISCLAIMED.
/ The copyright owner or contributors be NOT LIABLE for any damages caused
/ by use of this software.
/----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#include "diskio.h" /* Declarations of device I/O functions */
#include "ff.h"     /* Declarations of FatFs API */

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Module Private Definitions

---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#if _FATFS != 68020 /* Revision ID */
#error Wrong include file (ff.h).
#endif

#define ABORT(fs, res)         \
    {                          \
        fp->err = (BYTE)(res); \
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);     \
    }

/* Reentrancy related */
#if _FS_REENTRANT
#if _USE_LFN == 1
#error Static LFN work area cannot be used at thread-safe configuration
#endif
#define ENTER_FF(fs)           \
    {                          \
        if(!lock_fs(fs))       \
            return FR_TIMEOUT; \
    }
#define LEAVE_FF(fs, res)   \
    {                       \
        unlock_fs(fs, res); \
        return res;         \
    }
#else
#define ENTER_FF(fs)
#define LEAVE_FF(fs, res) return res
#endif

/* Definitions of sector size */
#if(_MAX_SS < _MIN_SS) || (_MAX_SS != 512 && _MAX_SS != 1024 && _MAX_SS != 2048 && _MAX_SS != 4096) || (_MIN_SS != 512 && _MIN_SS != 1024 && _MIN_SS != 2048 && _MIN_SS != 4096)
#error Wrong sector size configuration
#endif
#if _MAX_SS == _MIN_SS
#define SS(fs) ((UINT)_MAX_SS) /* Fixed sector size */
#else
#define SS(fs) ((fs)->ssize) /* Variable sector size */
#endif

/* Timestamp */
#if _FS_NORTC == 1
#if _NORTC_YEAR < 1980 || _NORTC_YEAR > 2107 || _NORTC_MON < 1 || _NORTC_MON > 12 || _NORTC_MDAY < 1 || _NORTC_MDAY > 31
#error Invalid _FS_NORTC settings
#endif
#define GET_FATTIME() ((DWORD)(_NORTC_YEAR - 1980) << 25 | (DWORD)_NORTC_MON << 21 | (DWORD)_NORTC_MDAY << 16)
#else
#define GET_FATTIME() get_fattime()
#endif

/* File lock controls */
#if _FS_LOCK != 0
#if _FS_READONLY
#error _FS_LOCK must be 0 at read-only configuration
#endif
typedef struct
{
    FATFS *fs; /* Object ID 1, volume (NULL:blank entry) */
    DWORD clu; /* Object ID 2, directory (0:root) */
    DWORD ofs; /* Object ID 3, directory offset */
    WORD ctr;  /* Object open counter, 0:none, 0x01..0xFF:read mode open count, 0x100:write mode */
} FILESEM;
#endif

/* DBCS code ranges and SBCS upper conversion tables */

#if _CODE_PAGE == 932 /* Japanese Shift-JIS */
#define _DF1S 0x81    /* DBC 1st byte range 1 start */
#define _DF1E 0x9F    /* DBC 1st byte range 1 end */
#define _DF2S 0xE0    /* DBC 1st byte range 2 start */
#define _DF2E 0xFC    /* DBC 1st byte range 2 end */
#define _DS1S 0x40    /* DBC 2nd byte range 1 start */
#define _DS1E 0x7E    /* DBC 2nd byte range 1 end */
#define _DS2S 0x80    /* DBC 2nd byte range 2 start */
#define _DS2E 0xFC    /* DBC 2nd byte range 2 end */

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 936 /* Simplified Chinese GBK */
#define _DF1S 0x81
#define _DF1E 0xFE
#define _DS1S 0x40
#define _DS1E 0x7E
#define _DS2S 0x80
#define _DS2E 0xFE

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 949 /* Korean */
#define _DF1S 0x81
#define _DF1E 0xFE
#define _DS1S 0x41
#define _DS1E 0x5A
#define _DS2S 0x61
#define _DS2E 0x7A
#define _DS3S 0x81
#define _DS3E 0xFE

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 950 /* Traditional Chinese Big5 */
#define _DF1S 0x81
#define _DF1E 0xFE
#define _DS1S 0x40
#define _DS1E 0x7E
#define _DS2S 0xA1
#define _DS2E 0xFE

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 437 /* U.S. */
#define _DF1S 0
#define _EXCVT                                                                                              \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x45, 0x41, 0x8E, 0x41, 0x8F, 0x80, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x92, 0x92, 0x4F, 0x99, 0x4F, 0x55, 0x55, 0x59, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x41, 0x49, 0x4F, 0x55, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 720 /* Arabic */
#define _DF1S 0
#define _EXCVT                                                                                              \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0xA0, 0xA1, 0xA2, 0xA3, 0xA4, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 737 /* Greek */
#define _DF1S 0
#define _EXCVT                                                                                              \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x92, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, \
            0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F, 0x90, 0x91, 0xAA, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0x97, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xE4, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, 0xF5, 0xF0, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 771 /* KBL */
#define _DF1S 0
#define _EXCVT                                                                                              \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDC, 0xDE, 0xDE, \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0xF0, 0xF0, 0xF2, 0xF2, 0xF4, 0xF4, 0xF6, 0xF6, 0xF8, 0xF8, 0xFA, 0xFA, 0xFC, 0xFC, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 775 /* Baltic */
#define _DF1S 0
#define _EXCVT                                                                                              \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x91, 0xA0, 0x8E, 0x95, 0x8F, 0x80, 0xAD, 0xED, 0x8A, 0x8A, 0xA1, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x92, 0x92, 0xE2, 0x99, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x97, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9D, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0xA0, 0xA1, 0xE0, 0xA3, 0xA3, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xA5, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE5, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE3, 0xE8, 0xE8, 0xEA, 0xEA, 0xEE, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 850 /* Latin 1 */
#define _DF1S 0
#define _EXCVT                                                                                              \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x43, 0x55, 0x45, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x43, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x41, 0x41,     \
            0x45, 0x92, 0x92, 0x4F, 0x4F, 0x4F, 0x55, 0x55, 0x59, 0x4F, 0x55, 0x4F, 0x9C, 0x4F, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x41, 0x49, 0x4F, 0x55, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0x41, 0x41, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD1, 0xD1, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0x49, 0xDF, \
            0x4F, 0xE1, 0x4F, 0x4F, 0x4F, 0x4F, 0xE6, 0xE8, 0xE8, 0x55, 0x55, 0x55, 0x59, 0x59, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 852 /* Latin 2 */
#define _DF1S 0
#define _EXCVT                                                                                              \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x90, 0xB6, 0x8E, 0xDE, 0x8F, 0x80, 0x9D, 0xD3, 0x8A, 0x8A, 0xD7, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x91, 0xE2, 0x99, 0x95, 0x95, 0x97, 0x97, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9B, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0xAC, \
            0xB5, 0xD6, 0xE0, 0xE9, 0xA4, 0xA4, 0xA6, 0xA6, 0xA8, 0xA8, 0xAA, 0x8D, 0xAC, 0xB8, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBD, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD1, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD2, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xB7, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE3, 0xD5, 0xE6, 0xE6, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xE8, 0xEB, 0xED, 0xED, 0xDD, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xEB, 0xFC, 0xFC, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 855 /* Cyrillic */
#define _DF1S 0
#define _EXCVT                                                                                              \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x81, 0x81, 0x83, 0x83, 0x85, 0x85, 0x87, 0x87, 0x89, 0x89, 0x8B, 0x8B, 0x8D, 0x8D, 0x8F, 0x8F,     \
            0x91, 0x91, 0x93, 0x93, 0x95, 0x95, 0x97, 0x97, 0x99, 0x99, 0x9B, 0x9B, 0x9D, 0x9D, 0x9F, 0x9F, \
            0xA1, 0xA1, 0xA3, 0xA3, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA7, 0xA7, 0xA9, 0xA9, 0xAB, 0xAB, 0xAD, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB6, 0xB6, 0xB8, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBE, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC7, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD1, 0xD1, 0xD3, 0xD3, 0xD5, 0xD5, 0xD7, 0xD7, 0xDD, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xE0, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE2, 0xE2, 0xE4, 0xE4, 0xE6, 0xE6, 0xE8, 0xE8, 0xEA, 0xEA, 0xEC, 0xEC, 0xEE, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF2, 0xF2, 0xF4, 0xF4, 0xF6, 0xF6, 0xF8, 0xF8, 0xFA, 0xFA, 0xFC, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 857 /* Turkish */
#define _DF1S 0
#define _EXCVT                                                                                              \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x90, 0xB6, 0x8E, 0xB7, 0x8F, 0x80, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD8, 0xD7, 0x49, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x92, 0x92, 0xE2, 0x99, 0xE3, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9D, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9E, \
            0xB5, 0xD6, 0xE0, 0xE9, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA6, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC7, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0x49, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE5, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xDE, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 860 /* Portuguese */
#define _DF1S 0
#define _EXCVT                                                                                              \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x90, 0x8F, 0x8E, 0x91, 0x86, 0x80, 0x89, 0x89, 0x92, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x98, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x8C, 0x99, 0xA9, 0x96, 0x9D, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x86, 0x8B, 0x9F, 0x96, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 861 /* Icelandic */
#define _DF1S 0
#define _EXCVT                                                                                              \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x90, 0x41, 0x8E, 0x41, 0x8F, 0x80, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x8B, 0x8B, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x92, 0x92, 0x4F, 0x99, 0x8D, 0x55, 0x97, 0x97, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9D, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0xA4, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA4, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 862 /* Hebrew */
#define _DF1S 0
#define _EXCVT                                                                                              \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x41, 0x49, 0x4F, 0x55, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 863 /* Canadian-French */
#define _DF1S 0
#define _EXCVT                                                                                              \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x43, 0x55, 0x45, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x86, 0x43, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x49, 0x49, 0x8D, 0x41, 0x8F,     \
            0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x4F, 0x45, 0x49, 0x55, 0x55, 0x98, 0x4F, 0x55, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x55, 0x55, 0x9F, \
            0xA0, 0xA1, 0x4F, 0x55, 0xA4, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0x49, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 864 /* Arabic */
#define _DF1S 0
#define _EXCVT                                                                                              \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x45, 0x41, 0x8E, 0x41, 0x8F, 0x80, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x92, 0x92, 0x4F, 0x99, 0x4F, 0x55, 0x55, 0x59, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x41, 0x49, 0x4F, 0x55, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 865 /* Nordic */
#define _DF1S 0
#define _EXCVT                                                                                              \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x90, 0x41, 0x8E, 0x41, 0x8F, 0x80, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x92, 0x92, 0x4F, 0x99, 0x4F, 0x55, 0x55, 0x59, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x41, 0x49, 0x4F, 0x55, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 866 /* Russian */
#define _DF1S 0
#define _EXCVT                                                                                              \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0xF0, 0xF0, 0xF2, 0xF2, 0xF4, 0xF4, 0xF6, 0xF6, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 869 /* Greek 2 */
#define _DF1S 0
#define _EXCVT                                                                                              \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x86, 0x9C, 0x8D, 0x8F, 0x90, \
            0x91, 0x90, 0x92, 0x95, 0xA4, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xA4, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xDF, \
            0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xCF, 0xCF, 0xD0, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xF5, 0xD4, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xD5, 0x96, 0x95, 0x98, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }

#elif _CODE_PAGE == 1 /* ASCII (for only non-LFN cfg) */
#if _USE_LFN != 0
#error Cannot enable LFN without valid code page.
#endif
#define _DF1S 0

#else
#error Unknown code page

#endif

/* Character code support macros */
#define IsUpper(c) (((c) >= 'A') && ((c) <= 'Z'))
#define IsLower(c) (((c) >= 'a') && ((c) <= 'z'))
#define IsDigit(c) (((c) >= '0') && ((c) <= '9'))

#if _DF1S != 0 /* Code page is DBCS */

#ifdef _DF2S /* Two 1st byte areas */
#define IsDBCS1(c) (((BYTE)(c) >= _DF1S && (BYTE)(c) <= _DF1E) || ((BYTE)(c) >= _DF2S && (BYTE)(c) <= _DF2E))
#else /* One 1st byte area */
#define IsDBCS1(c) ((BYTE)(c) >= _DF1S && (BYTE)(c) <= _DF1E)
#endif

#ifdef _DS3S /* Three 2nd byte areas */
#define IsDBCS2(c) (((BYTE)(c) >= _DS1S && (BYTE)(c) <= _DS1E) || ((BYTE)(c) >= _DS2S && (BYTE)(c) <= _DS2E) || ((BYTE)(c) >= _DS3S && (BYTE)(c) <= _DS3E))
#else /* Two 2nd byte areas */
#define IsDBCS2(c) (((BYTE)(c) >= _DS1S && (BYTE)(c) <= _DS1E) || ((BYTE)(c) >= _DS2S && (BYTE)(c) <= _DS2E))
#endif

#else /* Code page is SBCS */

#define IsDBCS1(c) 0
#define IsDBCS2(c) 0

#endif /* _DF1S */

/* File attribute bits (internal use) */
#define AM_VOL 0x08  /* Volume label */
#define AM_LFN 0x0F  /* LFN entry */
#define AM_MASK 0x3F /* Mask of defined bits */

/* File access control and file status flags (internal use) */
#define FA_SEEKEND 0x20  /* Seek to end of the file on file open */
#define FA_MODIFIED 0x40 /* File has been modified */
#define FA_DIRTY 0x80    /* FIL.buf[] needs to be written-back */

/* Name status flags */
#define NSFLAG 11      /* Index of name status byte in fn[] */
#define NS_LOSS 0x01   /* Out of 8.3 format */
#define NS_LFN 0x02    /* Force to create LFN entry */
#define NS_LAST 0x04   /* Last segment */
#define NS_BODY 0x08   /* Lower case flag (body) */
#define NS_EXT 0x10    /* Lower case flag (ext) */
#define NS_DOT 0x20    /* Dot entry */
#define NS_NOLFN 0x40  /* Do not find LFN */
#define NS_NONAME 0x80 /* Not followed */

/* Limits and boundaries (differ from specs but correct for real DOS/Windows) */
#define MAX_FAT12 0xFF5       /* Maximum number of FAT12 clusters */
#define MAX_FAT16 0xFFF5      /* Maximum number of FAT16 clusters */
#define MAX_FAT32 0xFFFFFF5   /* Maximum number of FAT32 clusters */
#define MAX_EXFAT 0x7FFFFFFD  /* Maximum number of exFAT clusters (limited by implementation) */
#define MAX_DIR 0x200000      /* Maximum size of FAT directory */
#define MAX_DIR_EX 0x10000000 /* Maximum size of exFAT directory */

/* FatFs refers the members in the FAT structures as byte array instead of
/ structure members because the structure is not binary compatible between
/ different platforms */

#define BS_JmpBoot 0      /* x86 jump instruction (3-byte) */
#define BS_OEMName 3      /* OEM name (8-byte) */
#define BPB_BytsPerSec 11 /* Sector size [byte] (WORD) */
#define BPB_SecPerClus 13 /* Cluster size [sector] (BYTE) */
#define BPB_RsvdSecCnt 14 /* Size of reserved area [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_NumFATs 16    /* Number of FATs (BYTE) */
#define BPB_RootEntCnt 17 /* Size of root directory area for FAT12/16 [entry] (WORD) */
#define BPB_TotSec16 19   /* Volume size (16-bit) [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_Media 21      /* Media descriptor byte (BYTE) */
#define BPB_FATSz16 22    /* FAT size (16-bit) [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_SecPerTrk 24  /* Track size for int13h [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_NumHeads 26   /* Number of heads for int13h (WORD) */
#define BPB_HiddSec 28    /* Volume offset from top of the drive (DWORD) */
#define BPB_TotSec32 32   /* Volume size (32-bit) [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BS_DrvNum 36      /* Physical drive number for int13h (BYTE) */
#define BS_NTres 37       /* Error flag (BYTE) */
#define BS_BootSig 38     /* Extended boot signature (BYTE) */
#define BS_VolID 39       /* Volume serial number (DWORD) */
#define BS_VolLab 43      /* Volume label string (8-byte) */
#define BS_FilSysType 54  /* File system type string (8-byte) */
#define BS_BootCode 62    /* Boot code (448-byte) */
#define BS_55AA 510       /* Signature word (WORD) */

#define BPB_FATSz32 36     /* FAT32: FAT size [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_ExtFlags32 40  /* FAT32: Extended flags (WORD) */
#define BPB_FSVer32 42     /* FAT32: File system version (WORD) */
#define BPB_RootClus32 44  /* FAT32: Root directory cluster (DWORD) */
#define BPB_FSInfo32 48    /* FAT32: Offset of FSINFO sector (WORD) */
#define BPB_BkBootSec32 50 /* FAT32: Offset of backup boot sector (WORD) */
#define BS_DrvNum32 64     /* FAT32: Physical drive number for int13h (BYTE) */
#define BS_NTres32 65      /* FAT32: Error flag (BYTE) */
#define BS_BootSig32 66    /* FAT32: Extended boot signature (BYTE) */
#define BS_VolID32 67      /* FAT32: Volume serial number (DWORD) */
#define BS_VolLab32 71     /* FAT32: Volume label string (8-byte) */
#define BS_FilSysType32 82 /* FAT32: File system type string (8-byte) */
#define BS_BootCode32 90   /* FAT32: Boot code (420-byte) */

#define BPB_ZeroedEx 11      /* exFAT: MBZ field (53-byte) */
#define BPB_VolOfsEx 64      /* exFAT: Volume offset from top of the drive [sector] (QWORD) */
#define BPB_TotSecEx 72      /* exFAT: Volume size [sector] (QWORD) */
#define BPB_FatOfsEx 80      /* exFAT: FAT offset from top of the volume [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_FatSzEx 84       /* exFAT: FAT size [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_DataOfsEx 88     /* exFAT: Data offset from top of the volume [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_NumClusEx 92     /* exFAT: Number of clusters (DWORD) */
#define BPB_RootClusEx 96    /* exFAT: Root directory cluster (DWORD) */
#define BPB_VolIDEx 100      /* exFAT: Volume serial number (DWORD) */
#define BPB_FSVerEx 104      /* exFAT: File system version (WORD) */
#define BPB_VolFlagEx 106    /* exFAT: Volume flags (BYTE) */
#define BPB_ActFatEx 107     /* exFAT: Active FAT flags (BYTE) */
#define BPB_BytsPerSecEx 108 /* exFAT: Log2 of sector size in byte (BYTE) */
#define BPB_SecPerClusEx 109 /* exFAT: Log2 of cluster size in sector (BYTE) */
#define BPB_NumFATsEx 110    /* exFAT: Number of FATs (BYTE) */
#define BPB_DrvNumEx 111     /* exFAT: Physical drive number for int13h (BYTE) */
#define BPB_PercInUseEx 112  /* exFAT: Percent in use (BYTE) */
#define BPB_RsvdEx 113       /* exFAT: Reserved (7-byte) */
#define BS_BootCodeEx 120    /* exFAT: Boot code (390-byte) */

#define FSI_LeadSig 0      /* FAT32 FSI: Leading signature (DWORD) */
#define FSI_StrucSig 484   /* FAT32 FSI: Structure signature (DWORD) */
#define FSI_Free_Count 488 /* FAT32 FSI: Number of free clusters (DWORD) */
#define FSI_Nxt_Free 492   /* FAT32 FSI: Last allocated cluster (DWORD) */

#define MBR_Table 446 /* MBR: Offset of partition table in the MBR */
#define SZ_PTE 16     /* MBR: Size of a partition table entry */
#define PTE_Boot 0    /* MBR PTE: Boot indicator */
#define PTE_StHead 1  /* MBR PTE: Start head */
#define PTE_StSec 2   /* MBR PTE: Start sector */
#define PTE_StCyl 3   /* MBR PTE: Start cylinder */
#define PTE_System 4  /* MBR PTE: System ID */
#define PTE_EdHead 5  /* MBR PTE: End head */
#define PTE_EdSec 6   /* MBR PTE: End sector */
#define PTE_EdCyl 7   /* MBR PTE: End cylinder */
#define PTE_StLba 8   /* MBR PTE: Start in LBA */
#define PTE_SizLba 12 /* MBR PTE: Size in LBA */

#define DIR_Name 0            /* Short file name (11-byte) */
#define DIR_Attr 11           /* Attribute (BYTE) */
#define DIR_NTres 12          /* Lower case flag (BYTE) */
#define DIR_CrtTime10 13      /* Created time sub-second (BYTE) */
#define DIR_CrtTime 14        /* Created time (DWORD) */
#define DIR_LstAccDate 18     /* Last accessed date (WORD) */
#define DIR_FstClusHI 20      /* Higher 16-bit of first cluster (WORD) */
#define DIR_ModTime 22        /* Modified time (DWORD) */
#define DIR_FstClusLO 26      /* Lower 16-bit of first cluster (WORD) */
#define DIR_FileSize 28       /* File size (DWORD) */
#define LDIR_Ord 0            /* LFN entry order and LLE flag (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_Attr 11          /* LFN attribute (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_Type 12          /* LFN type (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_Chksum 13        /* Checksum of the SFN entry (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_FstClusLO 26     /* Must be zero (WORD) */
#define XDIR_Type 0           /* Type of exFAT directory entry (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_NumLabel 1       /* Number of volume label characters (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_Label 2          /* Volume label (11-WORD) */
#define XDIR_CaseSum 4        /* Sum of case conversion table (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_NumSec 1         /* Number of secondary entries (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_SetSum 2         /* Sum of the set of directory entries (WORD) */
#define XDIR_Attr 4           /* File attribute (WORD) */
#define XDIR_CrtTime 8        /* Created time (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_ModTime 12       /* Modified time (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_AccTime 16       /* Last accessed time (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_CrtTime10 20     /* Created time subsecond (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_ModTime10 21     /* Modified time subsecond (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_CrtTZ 22         /* Created timezone (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_ModTZ 23         /* Modified timezone (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_AccTZ 24         /* Last accessed timezone (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_GenFlags 33      /* Gneral secondary flags (WORD) */
#define XDIR_NumName 35       /* Number of file name characters (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_NameHash 36      /* Hash of file name (WORD) */
#define XDIR_ValidFileSize 40 /* Valid file size (QWORD) */
#define XDIR_FstClus 52       /* First cluster of the file data (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_FileSize 56      /* File/Directory size (QWORD) */

#define SZDIRE 32  /* Size of a directory entry */
#define LLEF 0x40  /* Last long entry flag in LDIR_Ord */
#define DDEM 0xE5  /* Deleted directory entry mark set to DIR_Name[0] */
#define RDDEM 0x05 /* Replacement of the character collides with DDEM */

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Module Private Work Area

---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Remark: Variables here without initial value shall be guaranteed zero/null
/  at start-up. If not, either the linker or start-up routine being used is
/  not compliance with C standard. */

#if _VOLUMES < 1 || _VOLUMES > 9
#error Wrong _VOLUMES setting
#endif
static FATFS *FatFs[_VOLUMES]; /* Pointer to the file system objects (logical drives) */
static WORD Fsid;              /* File system mount ID */

#if _FS_RPATH != 0 && _VOLUMES >= 2
static BYTE CurrVol; /* Current drive */
#endif

#if _FS_LOCK != 0
static FILESEM Files[_FS_LOCK]; /* Open object lock semaphores */
#endif

#if _USE_LFN == 0 /* Non-LFN configuration */
#define DEF_NAMBUF
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)
#define FREE_NAMBUF()
#else
#if _MAX_LFN < 12 || _MAX_LFN > 255
#error Wrong _MAX_LFN setting
#endif

#if _USE_LFN == 1 /* LFN enabled with static working buffer */
#if _FS_EXFAT
static BYTE DirBuf[SZDIRE * 19];   /* Directory entry block scratchpad buffer (19 entries in size) */
#endif
static WCHAR LfnBuf[_MAX_LFN + 1]; /* LFN enabled with static working buffer */
#define DEF_NAMBUF
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)
#define FREE_NAMBUF()

#elif _USE_LFN == 2 /* LFN enabled with dynamic working buffer on the stack */
#if _FS_EXFAT
#define DEF_NAMBUF            \
    WCHAR lbuf[_MAX_LFN + 1]; \
    BYTE dbuf[SZDIRE * 19];
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)      \
    {                        \
        (fs)->lfnbuf = lbuf; \
        (fs)->dirbuf = dbuf; \
    }
#define FREE_NAMBUF()
#else
#define DEF_NAMBUF WCHAR lbuf[_MAX_LFN + 1];
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)      \
    {                        \
        (fs)->lfnbuf = lbuf; \
    }
#define FREE_NAMBUF()
#endif

#elif _USE_LFN == 3 /* LFN enabled with dynamic working buffer on the heap */
#if _FS_EXFAT
#define DEF_NAMBUF WCHAR *lfn;
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)                                      \
    {                                                        \
        lfn = ff_memalloc((_MAX_LFN + 1) * 2 + SZDIRE * 19); \
        if(!lfn)                                             \
            LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE);                \
        (fs)->lfnbuf = lfn;                                  \
        (fs)->dirbuf = (BYTE *)(lfn + _MAX_LFN + 1);         \
    }
#define FREE_NAMBUF() ff_memfree(lfn)
#else
#define DEF_NAMBUF WCHAR *lfn;
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)                        \
    {                                          \
        lfn = ff_memalloc((_MAX_LFN + 1) * 2); \
        if(!lfn)                               \
            LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE);  \
        (fs)->lfnbuf = lfn;                    \
    }
#define FREE_NAMBUF() ff_memfree(lfn)
#endif

#else
#error Wrong _USE_LFN setting
#endif
#endif

#ifdef _EXCVT
static const BYTE ExCvt[] = _EXCVT; /* Upper conversion table for SBCS extended characters */
#endif

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Module Private Functions

---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Load/Store multi-byte word in the FAT structure                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static WORD ld_word(const BYTE *ptr) /*	 Load a 2-byte little-endian word */
{
    WORD rv;

    rv = ptr[1];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[0];
    return rv;
}

static DWORD ld_dword(const BYTE *ptr) /* Load a 4-byte little-endian word */
{
    DWORD rv;

    rv = ptr[3];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[2];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[1];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[0];
    return rv;
}

#if _FS_EXFAT
static QWORD ld_qword(const BYTE *ptr) /* Load an 8-byte little-endian word */
{
    QWORD rv;

    rv = ptr[7];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[6];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[5];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[4];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[3];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[2];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[1];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[0];
    return rv;
}
#endif

#if !_FS_READONLY
static void st_word(BYTE *ptr, WORD val) /* Store a 2-byte word in little-endian */
{
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
}

static void st_dword(BYTE *ptr, DWORD val) /* Store a 4-byte word in little-endian */
{
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
}

#if _FS_EXFAT
static void st_qword(BYTE *ptr, QWORD val) /* Store an 8-byte word in little-endian */
{
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
}
#endif
#endif /* !_FS_READONLY */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* String functions                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Copy memory to memory */
static void mem_cpy(void *dst, const void *src, UINT cnt)
{
    BYTE *d = (BYTE *)dst;
    const BYTE *s = (const BYTE *)src;

    if(cnt)
    {
        do
            *d++ = *s++;
        while(--cnt);
    }
}

/* Fill memory block */
static void mem_set(void *dst, int val, UINT cnt)
{
    BYTE *d = (BYTE *)dst;

    do
        *d++ = (BYTE)val;
    while(--cnt);
}

/* Compare memory block */
static int mem_cmp(const void *dst, const void *src, UINT cnt)
{ /* ZR:same, NZ:different */
    const BYTE *d = (const BYTE *)dst, *s = (const BYTE *)src;
    int r = 0;

    do
    {
        r = *d++ - *s++;
    } while(--cnt && r == 0);

    return r;
}

/* Check if chr is contained in the string */
static int chk_chr(const char *str, int chr)
{ /* NZ:contained, ZR:not contained */
    while(*str && *str != chr)
        str++;
    return *str;
}

#if _FS_REENTRANT
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Request/Release grant to access the volume                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static int lock_fs(
    FATFS *fs /* File system object */
)
{
    return ff_req_grant(fs->sobj);
}

static void unlock_fs(
    FATFS *fs,  /* File system object */
    FRESULT res /* Result code to be returned */
)
{
    if(fs && res != FR_NOT_ENABLED && res != FR_INVALID_DRIVE && res != FR_TIMEOUT)
    {
        ff_rel_grant(fs->sobj);
    }
}

#endif

#if _FS_LOCK != 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* File lock control functions                                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT chk_lock(         /* Check if the file can be accessed */
                        DIR *dp, /* Directory object pointing the file to be checked */
                        int acc  /* Desired access type (0:Read, 1:Write, 2:Delete/Rename) */
)
{
    UINT i, be;

    /* Search file semaphore table */
    for(i = be = 0; i < _FS_LOCK; i++)
    {
        if(Files[i].fs)
        {                                   /* Existing entry */
            if(Files[i].fs == dp->obj.fs && /* Check if the object matched with an open object */
               Files[i].clu == dp->obj.sclust &&
               Files[i].ofs == dp->dptr)
                break;
        } else
        { /* Blank entry */
            be = 1;
        }
    }
    if(i == _FS_LOCK)
    {                                                             /* The object is not opened */
        return (be || acc == 2) ? FR_OK : FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES; /* Is there a blank entry for new object? */
    }

    /* The object has been opened. Reject any open against writing file and all write mode open */
    return (acc || Files[i].ctr == 0x100) ? FR_LOCKED : FR_OK;
}

static int enq_lock(void) /* Check if an entry is available for a new object */
{
    UINT i;

    for(i = 0; i < _FS_LOCK && Files[i].fs; i++)
        ;
    return (i == _FS_LOCK) ? 0 : 1;
}

static UINT inc_lock(         /* Increment object open counter and returns its index (0:Internal error) */
                     DIR *dp, /* Directory object pointing the file to register or increment */
                     int acc  /* Desired access (0:Read, 1:Write, 2:Delete/Rename) */
)
{
    UINT i;

    for(i = 0; i < _FS_LOCK; i++)
    { /* Find the object */
        if(Files[i].fs == dp->obj.fs &&
           Files[i].clu == dp->obj.sclust &&
           Files[i].ofs == dp->dptr)
            break;
    }

    if(i == _FS_LOCK)
    { /* Not opened. Register it as new. */
        for(i = 0; i < _FS_LOCK && Files[i].fs; i++)
            ;
        if(i == _FS_LOCK)
            return 0; /* No free entry to register (int err) */
        Files[i].fs = dp->obj.fs;
        Files[i].clu = dp->obj.sclust;
        Files[i].ofs = dp->dptr;
        Files[i].ctr = 0;
    }

    if(acc && Files[i].ctr)
        return 0; /* Access violation (int err) */

    Files[i].ctr = acc ? 0x100 : Files[i].ctr + 1; /* Set semaphore value */

    return i + 1;
}

static FRESULT dec_lock(       /* Decrement object open counter */
                        UINT i /* Semaphore index (1..) */
)
{
    WORD n;
    FRESULT res;

    if(--i < _FS_LOCK)
    { /* Shift index number origin from 0 */
        n = Files[i].ctr;
        if(n == 0x100)
            n = 0; /* If write mode open, delete the entry */
        if(n > 0)
            n--; /* Decrement read mode open count */
        Files[i].ctr = n;
        if(n == 0)
            Files[i].fs = 0; /* Delete the entry if open count gets zero */
        res = FR_OK;
    } else
    {
        res = FR_INT_ERR; /* Invalid index nunber */
    }
    return res;
}

static void clear_lock(/* Clear lock entries of the volume */
                       FATFS *fs)
{
    UINT i;

    for(i = 0; i < _FS_LOCK; i++)
    {
        if(Files[i].fs == fs)
            Files[i].fs = 0;
    }
}

#endif /* _FS_LOCK != 0 */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Move/Flush disk access window in the file system object               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if !_FS_READONLY
static FRESULT sync_window(          /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERROR */
                           FATFS *fs /* File system object */
)
{
    DWORD wsect;
    UINT nf;
    FRESULT res = FR_OK;

    if(fs->wflag)
    {                        /* Write back the sector if it is dirty */
        wsect = fs->winsect; /* Current sector number */
        if(disk_write(fs->drv, fs->win, wsect, 1) != RES_OK)
        {
            res = FR_DISK_ERR;
        } else
        {
            fs->wflag = 0;
            if(wsect - fs->fatbase < fs->fsize)
            { /* Is it in the FAT area? */
                for(nf = fs->n_fats; nf >= 2; nf--)
                { /* Reflect the change to all FAT copies */
                    wsect += fs->fsize;
                    disk_write(fs->drv, fs->win, wsect, 1);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return res;
}
#endif

static FRESULT move_window(             /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERROR */
                           FATFS *fs,   /* File system object */
                           DWORD sector /* Sector number to make appearance in the fs->win[] */
)
{
    FRESULT res = FR_OK;

    if(sector != fs->winsect)
    { /* Window offset changed? */
#if !_FS_READONLY
        res = sync_window(fs); /* Write-back changes */
#endif
        if(res == FR_OK)
        { /* Fill sector window with new data */
            if(disk_read(fs->drv, fs->win, sector, 1) != RES_OK)
            {
                sector = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Invalidate window if data is not reliable */
                res = FR_DISK_ERR;
            }
            fs->winsect = sector;
        }
    }
    return res;
}

#if !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Synchronize file system and strage device                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT sync_fs(          /* FR_OK:succeeded, !=0:error */
                       FATFS *fs /* File system object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;

    res = sync_window(fs);
    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
        /* Update FSInfo sector if needed */
        if(fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32 && fs->fsi_flag == 1)
        {
            /* Create FSInfo structure */
            mem_set(fs->win, 0, SS(fs));
            st_word(fs->win + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_LeadSig, 0x41615252);
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_StrucSig, 0x61417272);
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_Free_Count, fs->free_clst);
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_Nxt_Free, fs->last_clst);
            /* Write it into the FSInfo sector */
            fs->winsect = fs->volbase + 1;
            disk_write(fs->drv, fs->win, fs->winsect, 1);
            fs->fsi_flag = 0;
        }
        /* Make sure that no pending write process in the physical drive */
        if(disk_ioctl(fs->drv, CTRL_SYNC, 0) != RES_OK)
            res = FR_DISK_ERR;
    }

    return res;
}

#endif

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get sector# from cluster#                                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD clust2sect(           /* !=0:Sector number, 0:Failed (invalid cluster#) */
                        FATFS *fs, /* File system object */
                        DWORD clst /* Cluster# to be converted */
)
{
    clst -= 2;
    if(clst >= fs->n_fatent - 2)
        return 0; /* Invalid cluster# */
    return clst * fs->csize + fs->database;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT access - Read value of a FAT entry                                */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD get_fat(            /* 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk error, 1:Internal error, 2..0x7FFFFFFF:Cluster status */
                     _FDID *obj, /* Corresponding object */
                     DWORD clst  /* Cluster number to get the value */
)
{
    UINT wc, bc;
    DWORD val;
    FATFS *fs = obj->fs;

    if(clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent)
    {            /* Check if in valid range */
        val = 1; /* Internal error */
    } else
    {
        val = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Default value falls on disk error */

        switch(fs->fs_type)
        {
            case FS_FAT12:
                bc = (UINT)clst;
                bc += bc / 2;
                if(move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs))) != FR_OK)
                    break;
                wc = fs->win[bc++ % SS(fs)];
                if(move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs))) != FR_OK)
                    break;
                wc |= fs->win[bc % SS(fs)] << 8;
                val = (clst & 1) ? (wc >> 4) : (wc & 0xFFF);
                break;

            case FS_FAT16:
                if(move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 2))) != FR_OK)
                    break;
                val = ld_word(fs->win + clst * 2 % SS(fs));
                break;

            case FS_FAT32:
                if(move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 4))) != FR_OK)
                    break;
                val = ld_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs)) & 0x0FFFFFFF;
                break;
#if _FS_EXFAT
            case FS_EXFAT:
                if(obj->objsize)
                {
                    DWORD cofs = clst - obj->sclust;                               /* Offset from start cluster */
                    DWORD clen = (DWORD)((obj->objsize - 1) / SS(fs)) / fs->csize; /* Number of clusters - 1 */

                    if(obj->stat == 2)
                    { /* Is there no valid chain on the FAT? */
                        if(cofs <= clen)
                        {
                            val = (cofs == clen) ? 0x7FFFFFFF : clst + 1; /* Generate the value */
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    if(obj->stat == 3 && cofs < obj->n_cont)
                    {                   /* Is it in the contiguous part? */
                        val = clst + 1; /* Generate the value */
                        break;
                    }
                    if(obj->stat != 2)
                    { /* Get value from FAT if FAT chain is valid */
                        if(move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 4))) != FR_OK)
                            break;
                        val = ld_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs)) & 0x7FFFFFFF;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                /* go next */
#endif
            default:
                val = 1; /* Internal error */
        }
    }

    return val;
}

#if !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT access - Change value of a FAT entry                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT put_fat(            /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
                       FATFS *fs,  /* Corresponding file system object */
                       DWORD clst, /* FAT index number (cluster number) to be changed */
                       DWORD val   /* New value to be set to the entry */
)
{
    UINT bc;
    BYTE *p;
    FRESULT res = FR_INT_ERR;

    if(clst >= 2 && clst < fs->n_fatent)
    { /* Check if in valid range */
        switch(fs->fs_type)
        {
            case FS_FAT12: /* Bitfield items */
                bc = (UINT)clst;
                bc += bc / 2;
                res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs)));
                if(res != FR_OK)
                    break;
                p = fs->win + bc++ % SS(fs);
                *p = (clst & 1) ? ((*p & 0x0F) | ((BYTE)val << 4)) : (BYTE)val;
                fs->wflag = 1;
                res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs)));
                if(res != FR_OK)
                    break;
                p = fs->win + bc % SS(fs);
                *p = (clst & 1) ? (BYTE)(val >> 4) : ((*p & 0xF0) | ((BYTE)(val >> 8) & 0x0F));
                fs->wflag = 1;
                break;

            case FS_FAT16: /* WORD aligned items */
                res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 2)));
                if(res != FR_OK)
                    break;
                st_word(fs->win + clst * 2 % SS(fs), (WORD)val);
                fs->wflag = 1;
                break;

            case FS_FAT32: /* DWORD aligned items */
#if _FS_EXFAT
            case FS_EXFAT:
#endif
                res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 4)));
                if(res != FR_OK)
                    break;
                if(!_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT)
                {
                    val = (val & 0x0FFFFFFF) | (ld_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs)) & 0xF0000000);
                }
                st_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs), val);
                fs->wflag = 1;
                break;
        }
    }
    return res;
}

#endif /* !_FS_READONLY */

#if _FS_EXFAT && !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Accessing FAT and Allocation Bitmap                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/*---------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Find a contiguous free cluster block */
/*---------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD find_bitmap(            /* 0:No free cluster, 2..:Free cluster found, 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk error */
                         FATFS *fs,  /* File system object */
                         DWORD clst, /* Cluster number to scan from */
                         DWORD ncl   /* Number of contiguous clusters to find (1..) */
)
{
    BYTE bm, bv;
    UINT i;
    DWORD val, scl, ctr;

    clst -= 2; /* The first bit in the bitmap corresponds to cluster #2 */
    if(clst >= fs->n_fatent - 2)
        clst = 0;
    scl = val = clst;
    ctr = 0;
    for(;;)
    {
        if(move_window(fs, fs->database + val / 8 / SS(fs)) != FR_OK)
            return 0xFFFFFFFF; /* (assuming bitmap is located top of the cluster heap) */
        i = val / 8 % SS(fs);
        bm = 1 << (val % 8);
        do
        {
            do
            {
                bv = fs->win[i] & bm;
                bm <<= 1; /* Get bit value */
                if(++val >= fs->n_fatent - 2)
                { /* Next cluster (with wrap-around) */
                    val = 0;
                    bm = 0;
                    i = 4096;
                }
                if(!bv)
                { /* Is it a free cluster? */
                    if(++ctr == ncl)
                        return scl + 2; /* Check run length */
                } else
                {
                    scl = val;
                    ctr = 0; /* Encountered a live cluster, restart to scan */
                }
                if(val == clst)
                    return 0; /* All cluster scanned? */
            } while(bm);
            bm = 1;
        } while(++i < SS(fs));
    }
}

/*------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Set/Clear a block of bitmap */
/*------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT change_bitmap(
    FATFS *fs,  /* File system object */
    DWORD clst, /* Cluster number to change from */
    DWORD ncl,  /* Number of clusters to be changed */
    int bv      /* bit value to be set (0 or 1) */
)
{
    BYTE bm;
    UINT i;
    DWORD sect;

    clst -= 2;                               /* The first bit corresponds to cluster #2 */
    sect = fs->database + clst / 8 / SS(fs); /* Sector address (assuming bitmap is located top of the cluster heap) */
    i = clst / 8 % SS(fs);                   /* Byte offset in the sector */
    bm = 1 << (clst % 8);                    /* Bit mask in the byte */
    for(;;)
    {
        if(move_window(fs, sect++) != FR_OK)
            return FR_DISK_ERR;
        do
        {
            do
            {
                if(bv == (int)((fs->win[i] & bm) != 0))
                    return FR_INT_ERR; /* Is the bit expected value? */
                fs->win[i] ^= bm;      /* Flip the bit */
                fs->wflag = 1;
                if(--ncl == 0)
                    return FR_OK; /* All bits processed? */
            } while(bm <<= 1);    /* Next bit */
            bm = 1;
        } while(++i < SS(fs)); /* Next byte */
        i = 0;
    }
}

/*---------------------------------------------*/
/* Complement contiguous part of the FAT chain */
/*---------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT fill_fat_chain(
    _FDID *obj /* Pointer to the corresponding object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DWORD cl, n;

    if(obj->stat == 3)
    { /* Has the object been changed 'fragmented'? */
        for(cl = obj->sclust, n = obj->n_cont; n; cl++, n--)
        { /* Create cluster chain on the FAT */
            res = put_fat(obj->fs, cl, cl + 1);
            if(res != FR_OK)
                return res;
        }
        obj->stat = 0; /* Change status 'FAT chain is valid' */
    }
    return FR_OK;
}

#endif /* _FS_EXFAT && !_FS_READONLY */

#if !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT handling - Remove a cluster chain                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static FRESULT remove_chain(            /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
                            _FDID *obj, /* Corresponding object */
                            DWORD clst, /* Cluster to remove a chain from */
                            DWORD pclst /* Previous cluster of clst (0:an entire chain) */
)
{
    FRESULT res = FR_OK;
    DWORD nxt;
    FATFS *fs = obj->fs;
#if _FS_EXFAT || _USE_TRIM
    DWORD scl = clst, ecl = clst;
#endif
#if _USE_TRIM
    DWORD rt[2];
#endif

    if(clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent)
        return FR_INT_ERR; /* Check if in valid range */

    /* Mark the previous cluster 'EOC' on the FAT if it exists */
    if(pclst && (!_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT || obj->stat != 2))
    {
        res = put_fat(fs, pclst, 0xFFFFFFFF);
        if(res != FR_OK)
            return res;
    }

    /* Remove the chain */
    do
    {
        nxt = get_fat(obj, clst); /* Get cluster status */
        if(nxt == 0)
            break; /* Empty cluster? */
        if(nxt == 1)
            return FR_INT_ERR; /* Internal error? */
        if(nxt == 0xFFFFFFFF)
            return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Disk error? */
        if(!_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT)
        {
            res = put_fat(fs, clst, 0); /* Mark the cluster 'free' on the FAT */
            if(res != FR_OK)
                return res;
        }
        if(fs->free_clst < fs->n_fatent - 2)
        { /* Update FSINFO */
            fs->free_clst++;
            fs->fsi_flag |= 1;
        }
#if _FS_EXFAT || _USE_TRIM
        if(ecl + 1 == nxt)
        { /* Is next cluster contiguous? */
            ecl = nxt;
        } else
        { /* End of contiguous cluster block */
#if _FS_EXFAT
            if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
            {
                res = change_bitmap(fs, scl, ecl - scl + 1, 0); /* Mark the cluster block 'free' on the bitmap */
                if(res != FR_OK)
                    return res;
            }
#endif
#if _USE_TRIM
            rt[0] = clust2sect(fs, scl);                 /* Start sector */
            rt[1] = clust2sect(fs, ecl) + fs->csize - 1; /* End sector */
            disk_ioctl(fs->drv, CTRL_TRIM, rt);          /* Inform device the block can be erased */
#endif
            scl = ecl = nxt;
        }
#endif
        clst = nxt;               /* Next cluster */
    } while(clst < fs->n_fatent); /* Repeat while not the last link */

#if _FS_EXFAT
    if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
    {
        if(pclst == 0)
        {                  /* Does object have no chain? */
            obj->stat = 0; /* Change the object status 'initial' */
        } else
        {
            if(obj->stat == 3 && pclst >= obj->sclust && pclst <= obj->sclust + obj->n_cont)
            {                  /* Did the chain got contiguous? */
                obj->stat = 2; /* Change the object status 'contiguous' */
            }
        }
    }
#endif
    return FR_OK;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT handling - Stretch a chain or Create a new chain                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static DWORD create_chain(            /* 0:No free cluster, 1:Internal error, 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk error, >=2:New cluster# */
                          _FDID *obj, /* Corresponding object */
                          DWORD clst  /* Cluster# to stretch, 0:Create a new chain */
)
{
    DWORD cs, ncl, scl;
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs = obj->fs;

    if(clst == 0)
    {                        /* Create a new chain */
        scl = fs->last_clst; /* Get suggested cluster to start from */
        if(scl == 0 || scl >= fs->n_fatent)
            scl = 1;
    } else
    {                            /* Stretch current chain */
        cs = get_fat(obj, clst); /* Check the cluster status */
        if(cs < 2)
            return 1; /* Invalid value */
        if(cs == 0xFFFFFFFF)
            return cs; /* A disk error occurred */
        if(cs < fs->n_fatent)
            return cs; /* It is already followed by next cluster */
        scl = clst;
    }

#if _FS_EXFAT
    if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
    {                                  /* On the exFAT volume */
        ncl = find_bitmap(fs, scl, 1); /* Find a free cluster */
        if(ncl == 0 || ncl == 0xFFFFFFFF)
            return ncl;                     /* No free cluster or hard error? */
        res = change_bitmap(fs, ncl, 1, 1); /* Mark the cluster 'in use' */
        if(res == FR_INT_ERR)
            return 1;
        if(res == FR_DISK_ERR)
            return 0xFFFFFFFF;
        if(clst == 0)
        {                  /* Is it a new chain? */
            obj->stat = 2; /* Set status 'contiguous chain' */
        } else
        { /* This is a stretched chain */
            if(obj->stat == 2 && ncl != scl + 1)
            {                                    /* Is the chain got fragmented? */
                obj->n_cont = scl - obj->sclust; /* Set size of the contiguous part */
                obj->stat = 3;                   /* Change status 'just fragmented' */
            }
        }
    } else
#endif
    {              /* On the FAT12/16/32 volume */
        ncl = scl; /* Start cluster */
        for(;;)
        {
            ncl++; /* Next cluster */
            if(ncl >= fs->n_fatent)
            { /* Check wrap-around */
                ncl = 2;
                if(ncl > scl)
                    return 0; /* No free cluster */
            }
            cs = get_fat(obj, ncl); /* Get the cluster status */
            if(cs == 0)
                break; /* Found a free cluster */
            if(cs == 1 || cs == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                return cs; /* An error occurred */
            if(ncl == scl)
                return 0; /* No free cluster */
        }
    }

    if(_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT && obj->stat == 2)
    {                /* Is it a contiguous chain? */
        res = FR_OK; /* FAT does not need to be written */
    } else
    {
        res = put_fat(fs, ncl, 0xFFFFFFFF); /* Mark the new cluster 'EOC' */
        if(res == FR_OK && clst)
        {
            res = put_fat(fs, clst, ncl); /* Link it from the previous one if needed */
        }
    }

    if(res == FR_OK)
    { /* Update FSINFO if function succeeded. */
        fs->last_clst = ncl;
        if(fs->free_clst < fs->n_fatent - 2)
            fs->free_clst--;
        fs->fsi_flag |= 1;
    } else
    {
        ncl = (res == FR_DISK_ERR) ? 0xFFFFFFFF : 1; /* Failed. Create error status */
    }

    return ncl; /* Return new cluster number or error status */
}

#endif /* !_FS_READONLY */

#if _USE_FASTSEEK
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT handling - Convert offset into cluster with link map table        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD clmt_clust(            /* <2:Error, >=2:Cluster number */
                        FIL *fp,    /* Pointer to the file object */
                        FSIZE_t ofs /* File offset to be converted to cluster# */
)
{
    DWORD cl, ncl, *tbl;
    FATFS *fs = fp->obj.fs;

    tbl = fp->cltbl + 1;                    /* Top of CLMT */
    cl = (DWORD)(ofs / SS(fs) / fs->csize); /* Cluster order from top of the file */
    for(;;)
    {
        ncl = *tbl++; /* Number of cluters in the fragment */
        if(ncl == 0)
            return 0; /* End of table? (error) */
        if(cl < ncl)
            break; /* In this fragment? */
        cl -= ncl;
        tbl++; /* Next fragment */
    }
    return cl + *tbl; /* Return the cluster number */
}

#endif /* _USE_FASTSEEK */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Set directory index                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_sdi(          /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
                       DIR *dp,  /* Pointer to directory object */
                       DWORD ofs /* Offset of directory table */
)
{
    DWORD csz, clst;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;

    if(ofs >= (DWORD)((_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) ? MAX_DIR_EX : MAX_DIR) || ofs % SZDIRE)
    { /* Check range of offset and alignment */
        return FR_INT_ERR;
    }
    dp->dptr = ofs;        /* Set current offset */
    clst = dp->obj.sclust; /* Table start cluster (0:root) */
    if(clst == 0 && fs->fs_type >= FS_FAT32)
    { /* Replace cluster# 0 with root cluster# */
        clst = fs->dirbase;
        if(_FS_EXFAT)
            dp->obj.stat = 0; /* exFAT: Root dir has an FAT chain */
    }

    if(clst == 0)
    { /* Static table (root-directory in FAT12/16) */
        if(ofs / SZDIRE >= fs->n_rootdir)
            return FR_INT_ERR; /* Is index out of range? */
        dp->sect = fs->dirbase;
    } else
    {                                    /* Dynamic table (sub-directory or root-directory in FAT32+) */
        csz = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs); /* Bytes per cluster */
        while(ofs >= csz)
        {                                   /* Follow cluster chain */
            clst = get_fat(&dp->obj, clst); /* Get next cluster */
            if(clst == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Disk error */
            if(clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent)
                return FR_INT_ERR; /* Reached to end of table or internal error */
            ofs -= csz;
        }
        dp->sect = clust2sect(fs, clst);
    }
    dp->clust = clst; /* Current cluster# */
    if(!dp->sect)
        return FR_INT_ERR;
    dp->sect += ofs / SS(fs);           /* Sector# of the directory entry */
    dp->dir = fs->win + (ofs % SS(fs)); /* Pointer to the entry in the win[] */

    return FR_OK;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Move directory table index next                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_next(            /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, FR_NO_FILE:End of table, FR_DENIED:Could not stretch */
                        DIR *dp,    /* Pointer to the directory object */
                        int stretch /* 0: Do not stretch table, 1: Stretch table if needed */
)
{
    DWORD ofs, clst;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
#if !_FS_READONLY
    UINT n;
#endif

    ofs = dp->dptr + SZDIRE; /* Next entry */
    if(!dp->sect || ofs >= (DWORD)((_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) ? MAX_DIR_EX : MAX_DIR))
        return FR_NO_FILE; /* Report EOT when offset has reached max value */

    if(ofs % SS(fs) == 0)
    {               /* Sector changed? */
        dp->sect++; /* Next sector */

        if(!dp->clust)
        { /* Static table */
            if(ofs / SZDIRE >= fs->n_rootdir)
            { /* Report EOT if it reached end of static table */
                dp->sect = 0;
                return FR_NO_FILE;
            }
        } else
        { /* Dynamic table */
            if((ofs / SS(fs) & (fs->csize - 1)) == 0)
            {                                        /* Cluster changed? */
                clst = get_fat(&dp->obj, dp->clust); /* Get next cluster */
                if(clst <= 1)
                    return FR_INT_ERR; /* Internal error */
                if(clst == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                    return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Disk error */
                if(clst >= fs->n_fatent)
                { /* Reached end of dynamic table */
#if !_FS_READONLY
                    if(!stretch)
                    { /* If no stretch, report EOT */
                        dp->sect = 0;
                        return FR_NO_FILE;
                    }
                    clst = create_chain(&dp->obj, dp->clust); /* Allocate a cluster */
                    if(clst == 0)
                        return FR_DENIED; /* No free cluster */
                    if(clst == 1)
                        return FR_INT_ERR; /* Internal error */
                    if(clst == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                        return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Disk error */
                    /* Clean-up the stretched table */
                    if(_FS_EXFAT)
                        dp->obj.stat |= 4; /* The directory needs to be updated */
                    if(sync_window(fs) != FR_OK)
                        return FR_DISK_ERR;      /* Flush disk access window */
                    mem_set(fs->win, 0, SS(fs)); /* Clear window buffer */
                    for(n = 0, fs->winsect = clust2sect(fs, clst); n < fs->csize; n++, fs->winsect++)
                    { /* Fill the new cluster with 0 */
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                        if(sync_window(fs) != FR_OK)
                            return FR_DISK_ERR;
                    }
                    fs->winsect -= n; /* Restore window offset */
#else
                    if(!stretch)
                        dp->sect = 0; /* If no stretch, report EOT (this is to suppress warning) */
                    dp->sect = 0;
                    return FR_NO_FILE; /* Report EOT */
#endif
                }
                dp->clust = clst; /* Initialize data for new cluster */
                dp->sect = clust2sect(fs, clst);
            }
        }
    }
    dp->dptr = ofs;                   /* Current entry */
    dp->dir = fs->win + ofs % SS(fs); /* Pointer to the entry in the win[] */

    return FR_OK;
}

#if !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Reserve a block of directory entries             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_alloc(          /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
                         DIR *dp,  /* Pointer to the directory object */
                         UINT nent /* Number of contiguous entries to allocate */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    UINT n;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;

    res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);
    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
        n = 0;
        do
        {
            res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
            if(res != FR_OK)
                break;
#if _FS_EXFAT
            if((fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) ? (int)((dp->dir[XDIR_Type] & 0x80) == 0) : (int)(dp->dir[DIR_Name] == DDEM || dp->dir[DIR_Name] == 0))
            {
#else
            if(dp->dir[DIR_Name] == DDEM || dp->dir[DIR_Name] == 0)
            {
#endif
                if(++n == nent)
                    break; /* A block of contiguous free entries is found */
            } else
            {
                n = 0; /* Not a blank entry. Restart to search */
            }
            res = dir_next(dp, 1);
        } while(res == FR_OK); /* Next entry with table stretch enabled */
    }

    if(res == FR_NO_FILE)
        res = FR_DENIED; /* No directory entry to allocate */
    return res;
}

#endif /* !_FS_READONLY */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT: Directory handling - Load/Store start cluster number             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD ld_clust(                /* Returns the top cluster value of the SFN entry */
                      FATFS *fs,      /* Pointer to the fs object */
                      const BYTE *dir /* Pointer to the key entry */
)
{
    DWORD cl;

    cl = ld_word(dir + DIR_FstClusLO);
    if(fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32)
    {
        cl |= (DWORD)ld_word(dir + DIR_FstClusHI) << 16;
    }

    return cl;
}

#if !_FS_READONLY
static void st_clust(
    FATFS *fs, /* Pointer to the fs object */
    BYTE *dir, /* Pointer to the key entry */
    DWORD cl   /* Value to be set */
)
{
    st_word(dir + DIR_FstClusLO, (WORD)cl);
    if(fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32)
    {
        st_word(dir + DIR_FstClusHI, (WORD)(cl >> 16));
    }
}
#endif

#if _USE_LFN != 0
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: LFN handling                                                  */
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static const BYTE LfnOfs[] = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 28, 30}; /* Offset of LFN characters in the directory entry */

/*--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Compare a part of file name with an LFN entry */
/*--------------------------------------------------------*/
static int cmp_lfn(                     /* 1:matched, 0:not matched */
                   const WCHAR *lfnbuf, /* Pointer to the LFN working buffer to be compared */
                   BYTE *dir            /* Pointer to the directory entry containing the part of LFN */
)
{
    UINT i, s;
    WCHAR wc, uc;

    if(ld_word(dir + LDIR_FstClusLO) != 0)
        return 0; /* Check LDIR_FstClusLO */

    i = ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & 0x3F) - 1) * 13; /* Offset in the LFN buffer */

    for(wc = 1, s = 0; s < 13; s++)
    {                                  /* Process all characters in the entry */
        uc = ld_word(dir + LfnOfs[s]); /* Pick an LFN character */
        if(wc)
        {
            if(i >= _MAX_LFN || ff_wtoupper(uc) != ff_wtoupper(lfnbuf[i++]))
            {             /* Compare it */
                return 0; /* Not matched */
            }
            wc = uc;
        } else
        {
            if(uc != 0xFFFF)
                return 0; /* Check filler */
        }
    }

    if((dir[LDIR_Ord] & LLEF) && wc && lfnbuf[i])
        return 0; /* Last segment matched but different length */

    return 1; /* The part of LFN matched */
}

#if _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || _FS_RPATH >= 2 || _USE_LABEL || _FS_EXFAT
/*-----------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Pick a part of file name from an LFN entry */
/*-----------------------------------------------------*/
static int pick_lfn(               /* 1:succeeded, 0:buffer overflow or invalid LFN entry */
                    WCHAR *lfnbuf, /* Pointer to the LFN working buffer */
                    BYTE *dir      /* Pointer to the LFN entry */
)
{
    UINT i, s;
    WCHAR wc, uc;

    if(ld_word(dir + LDIR_FstClusLO) != 0)
        return 0; /* Check LDIR_FstClusLO */

    i = ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & 0x3F) - 1) * 13; /* Offset in the LFN buffer */

    for(wc = 1, s = 0; s < 13; s++)
    {                                  /* Process all characters in the entry */
        uc = ld_word(dir + LfnOfs[s]); /* Pick an LFN character */
        if(wc)
        {
            if(i >= _MAX_LFN)
                return 0;          /* Buffer overflow? */
            lfnbuf[i++] = wc = uc; /* Store it */
        } else
        {
            if(uc != 0xFFFF)
                return 0; /* Check filler */
        }
    }

    if(dir[LDIR_Ord] & LLEF)
    { /* Put terminator if it is the last LFN part */
        if(i >= _MAX_LFN)
            return 0; /* Buffer overflow? */
        lfnbuf[i] = 0;
    }

    return 1; /* The part of LFN is valid */
}
#endif

#if !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Create an entry of LFN entries */
/*-----------------------------------------*/
static void put_lfn(
    const WCHAR *lfn, /* Pointer to the LFN */
    BYTE *dir,        /* Pointer to the LFN entry to be created */
    BYTE ord,         /* LFN order (1-20) */
    BYTE sum          /* Checksum of the corresponding SFN */
)
{
    UINT i, s;
    WCHAR wc;

    dir[LDIR_Chksum] = sum;  /* Set checksum */
    dir[LDIR_Attr] = AM_LFN; /* Set attribute. LFN entry */
    dir[LDIR_Type] = 0;
    st_word(dir + LDIR_FstClusLO, 0);

    i = (ord - 1) * 13; /* Get offset in the LFN working buffer */
    s = wc = 0;
    do
    {
        if(wc != 0xFFFF)
            wc = lfn[i++];            /* Get an effective character */
        st_word(dir + LfnOfs[s], wc); /* Put it */
        if(wc == 0)
            wc = 0xFFFF; /* Padding characters for left locations */
    } while(++s < 13);
    if(wc == 0xFFFF || !lfn[i])
        ord |= LLEF;     /* Last LFN part is the start of LFN sequence */
    dir[LDIR_Ord] = ord; /* Set the LFN order */
}

#endif /* !_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* _USE_LFN != 0 */

#if _USE_LFN != 0 && !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Create a Numbered SFN                                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static void gen_numname(
    BYTE *dst,        /* Pointer to the buffer to store numbered SFN */
    const BYTE *src,  /* Pointer to SFN */
    const WCHAR *lfn, /* Pointer to LFN */
    UINT seq          /* Sequence number */
)
{
    BYTE ns[8], c;
    UINT i, j;
    WCHAR wc;
    DWORD sr;

    mem_cpy(dst, src, 11);

    if(seq > 5)
    { /* In case of many collisions, generate a hash number instead of sequential number */
        sr = seq;
        while(*lfn)
        { /* Create a CRC */
            wc = *lfn++;
            for(i = 0; i < 16; i++)
            {
                sr = (sr << 1) + (wc & 1);
                wc >>= 1;
                if(sr & 0x10000)
                    sr ^= 0x11021;
            }
        }
        seq = (UINT)sr;
    }

    /* itoa (hexdecimal) */
    i = 7;
    do
    {
        c = (BYTE)((seq % 16) + '0');
        if(c > '9')
            c += 7;
        ns[i--] = c;
        seq /= 16;
    } while(seq);
    ns[i] = '~';

    /* Append the number */
    for(j = 0; j < i && dst[j] != ' '; j++)
    {
        if(IsDBCS1(dst[j]))
        {
            if(j == i - 1)
                break;
            j++;
        }
    }
    do
    {
        dst[j++] = (i < 8) ? ns[i++] : ' ';
    } while(j < 8);
}
#endif /* _USE_LFN != 0 && !_FS_READONLY */

#if _USE_LFN != 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Calculate checksum of an SFN entry                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static BYTE sum_sfn(
    const BYTE *dir /* Pointer to the SFN entry */
)
{
    BYTE sum = 0;
    UINT n = 11;

    do
        sum = (sum >> 1) + (sum << 7) + *dir++;
    while(--n);
    return sum;
}

#endif /* _USE_LFN != 0 */

#if _FS_EXFAT
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Checksum                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static WORD xdir_sum(                /* Get checksum of the directoly block */
                     const BYTE *dir /* Directory entry block to be calculated */
)
{
    UINT i, szblk;
    WORD sum;

    szblk = (dir[XDIR_NumSec] + 1) * SZDIRE;
    for(i = sum = 0; i < szblk; i++)
    {
        if(i == XDIR_SetSum)
        { /* Skip sum field */
            i++;
        } else
        {
            sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x8000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + dir[i];
        }
    }
    return sum;
}

static WORD xname_sum(                  /* Get check sum (to be used as hash) of the name */
                      const WCHAR *name /* File name to be calculated */
)
{
    WCHAR chr;
    WORD sum = 0;

    while((chr = *name++) != 0)
    {
        chr = ff_wtoupper(chr); /* File name needs to be ignored case */
        sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x8000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + (chr & 0xFF);
        sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x8000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + (chr >> 8);
    }
    return sum;
}

#if !_FS_READONLY && _USE_MKFS
static DWORD xsum32(
    BYTE dat, /* Data to be sumed */
    DWORD sum /* Previous value */
)
{
    sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x80000000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + dat;
    return sum;
}
#endif

#if _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || _FS_RPATH >= 2
/*------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Get object information from a directory block */
/*------------------------------------------------------*/

static void get_xdir_info(
    BYTE *dirb,  /* Pointer to the direcotry entry block 85+C0+C1s */
    FILINFO *fno /* Buffer to store the extracted file information */
)
{
    UINT di, si;
    WCHAR w;
#if !_LFN_UNICODE
    UINT nc;
#endif

    /* Get file name */
#if _LFN_UNICODE
    if(dirb[XDIR_NumName] <= _MAX_LFN)
    {
        for(si = SZDIRE * 2, di = 0; di < dirb[XDIR_NumName]; si += 2, di++)
        {
            if((si % SZDIRE) == 0)
                si += 2;            /* Skip entry type field */
            w = ld_word(dirb + si); /* Get a character */
            fno->fname[di] = w;     /* Store it */
        }
    } else
    {
        di = 0; /* Buffer overflow and inaccessible object */
    }
#else
    for(si = SZDIRE * 2, di = nc = 0; nc < dirb[XDIR_NumName]; si += 2, nc++)
    {
        if((si % SZDIRE) == 0)
            si += 2;            /* Skip entry type field */
        w = ld_word(dirb + si); /* Get a character */
        w = ff_convert(w, 0);   /* Unicode -> OEM */
        if(w == 0)
        {
            di = 0;
            break;
        } /* Could not be converted and inaccessible object */
        if(_DF1S && w >= 0x100)
        { /* Put 1st byte if it is a DBC (always false at SBCS cfg) */
            fno->fname[di++] = (char)(w >> 8);
        }
        if(di >= _MAX_LFN)
        {
            di = 0;
            break;
        } /* Buffer overflow and inaccessible object */
        fno->fname[di++] = (char)w;
    }
#endif
    if(di == 0)
        fno->fname[di++] = '?'; /* Inaccessible object? */
    fno->fname[di] = 0;         /* Terminate file name */

    fno->altname[0] = 0;                                                       /* No SFN */
    fno->fattrib = dirb[XDIR_Attr];                                            /* Attribute */
    fno->fsize = (fno->fattrib & AM_DIR) ? 0 : ld_qword(dirb + XDIR_FileSize); /* Size */
    fno->ftime = ld_word(dirb + XDIR_ModTime + 0);                             /* Time */
    fno->fdate = ld_word(dirb + XDIR_ModTime + 2);                             /* Date */
}

#endif /* _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || _FS_RPATH >= 2 */

/*-----------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Get a directry entry block */
/*-----------------------------------*/

static FRESULT load_xdir(        /* FR_INT_ERR: invalid entry block */
                         DIR *dp /* Pointer to the reading direcotry object pointing the 85 entry */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    UINT i, nent;
    BYTE *dirb = dp->obj.fs->dirbuf; /* Pointer to the on-memory direcotry entry block 85+C0+C1s */

    /* Load 85 entry */
    res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
    if(res != FR_OK)
        return res;
    if(dp->dir[XDIR_Type] != 0x85)
        return FR_INT_ERR;
    mem_cpy(dirb, dp->dir, SZDIRE);
    nent = dirb[XDIR_NumSec] + 1;

    /* Load C0 entry */
    res = dir_next(dp, 0);
    if(res != FR_OK)
        return res;
    res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
    if(res != FR_OK)
        return res;
    if(dp->dir[XDIR_Type] != 0xC0)
        return FR_INT_ERR;
    mem_cpy(dirb + SZDIRE, dp->dir, SZDIRE);

    /* Load C1 entries */
    if(nent < 3 || nent > 19)
        return FR_NO_FILE;
    i = SZDIRE * 2;
    nent *= SZDIRE;
    do
    {
        res = dir_next(dp, 0);
        if(res != FR_OK)
            return res;
        res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
        if(res != FR_OK)
            return res;
        if(dp->dir[XDIR_Type] != 0xC1)
            return FR_INT_ERR;
        mem_cpy(dirb + i, dp->dir, SZDIRE);
        i += SZDIRE;
    } while(i < nent);

    /* Sanity check */
    if(xdir_sum(dirb) != ld_word(dirb + XDIR_SetSum))
        return FR_INT_ERR;

    return FR_OK;
}

#if !_FS_READONLY || _FS_RPATH != 0
/*------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Load the object's directory entry block */
/*------------------------------------------------*/
static FRESULT load_obj_dir(
    DIR *dp,         /* Blank directory object to be used to access containing direcotry */
    const _FDID *obj /* Object with containing directory information */
)
{
    FRESULT res;

    /* Open object containing directory */
    dp->obj.fs = obj->fs;
    dp->obj.sclust = obj->c_scl;
    dp->obj.stat = (BYTE)obj->c_size;
    dp->obj.objsize = obj->c_size & 0xFFFFFF00;
    dp->blk_ofs = obj->c_ofs;

    res = dir_sdi(dp, dp->blk_ofs); /* Goto the block location */
    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
        res = load_xdir(dp); /* Load the object's entry block */
    }
    return res;
}
#endif

#if !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Store the directory block to the media */
/*-----------------------------------------------*/
static FRESULT store_xdir(
    DIR *dp /* Pointer to the direcotry object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    UINT nent;
    BYTE *dirb = dp->obj.fs->dirbuf; /* Pointer to the direcotry entry block 85+C0+C1s */

    /* Create set sum */
    st_word(dirb + XDIR_SetSum, xdir_sum(dirb));
    nent = dirb[XDIR_NumSec] + 1;

    /* Store the set of directory to the volume */
    res = dir_sdi(dp, dp->blk_ofs);
    while(res == FR_OK)
    {
        res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
        if(res != FR_OK)
            break;
        mem_cpy(dp->dir, dirb, SZDIRE);
        dp->obj.fs->wflag = 1;
        if(--nent == 0)
            break;
        dirb += SZDIRE;
        res = dir_next(dp, 0);
    }
    return (res == FR_OK || res == FR_DISK_ERR) ? res : FR_INT_ERR;
}

/*-------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Create a new directory enrty block */
/*-------------------------------------------*/

static void create_xdir(
    BYTE *dirb,      /* Pointer to the direcotry entry block buffer */
    const WCHAR *lfn /* Pointer to the nul terminated file name */
)
{
    UINT i;
    BYTE nb, nc;
    WCHAR chr;

    mem_set(dirb, 0, 2 * SZDIRE); /* Initialize 85+C0 entry */
    dirb[XDIR_Type] = 0x85;
    dirb[XDIR_Type + SZDIRE] = 0xC0;
    st_word(dirb + XDIR_NameHash, xname_sum(lfn)); /* Set name hash */

    i = SZDIRE * 2; /* C1 offset */
    nc = 0;
    nb = 1;
    chr = 1;
    do
    {
        dirb[i++] = 0xC1;
        dirb[i++] = 0; /* Entry type C1 */
        do
        { /* Fill name field */
            if(chr && (chr = lfn[nc]) != 0)
                nc++; /* Get a character if exist */
            st_word(dirb + i, chr);
            i += 2; /* Store it */
        } while(i % SZDIRE);
        nb++;
    } while(lfn[nc]); /* Fill next entry if any char follows */

    dirb[XDIR_NumName] = nc; /* Set name length */
    dirb[XDIR_NumSec] = nb;  /* Set number of C0+C1s */
}

#endif /* !_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* _FS_EXFAT */

#if _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || _FS_RPATH >= 2 || _USE_LABEL || _FS_EXFAT
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read an object from the directory                                     */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_read(
    DIR *dp, /* Pointer to the directory object */
    int vol  /* Filtered by 0:file/directory or 1:volume label */
)
{
    FRESULT res = FR_NO_FILE;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
    BYTE a, c;
#if _USE_LFN != 0
    BYTE ord = 0xFF, sum = 0xFF;
#endif

    while(dp->sect)
    {
        res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
        if(res != FR_OK)
            break;
        c = dp->dir[DIR_Name]; /* Test for the entry type */
        if(c == 0)
        {
            res = FR_NO_FILE;
            break;
        } /* Reached to end of the directory */
#if _FS_EXFAT
        if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
        { /* On the exFAT volume */
            if(_USE_LABEL && vol)
            {
                if(c == 0x83)
                    break; /* Volume label entry? */
            } else
            {
                if(c == 0x85)
                {                           /* Start of the file entry block? */
                    dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr; /* Get location of the block */
                    res = load_xdir(dp);    /* Load the entry block */
                    if(res == FR_OK)
                    {
                        dp->obj.attr = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] & AM_MASK; /* Get attribute */
                    }
                    break;
                }
            }
        } else
#endif
        {                                                   /* On the FAT12/16/32 volume */
            dp->obj.attr = a = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK; /* Get attribute */
#if _USE_LFN != 0                                           /* LFN configuration */
            if(c == DDEM || c == '.' || (int)((a & ~AM_ARC) == AM_VOL) != vol)
            { /* An entry without valid data */
                ord = 0xFF;
            } else
            {
                if(a == AM_LFN)
                { /* An LFN entry is found */
                    if(c & LLEF)
                    { /* Is it start of an LFN sequence? */
                        sum = dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum];
                        c &= (BYTE)~LLEF;
                        ord = c;
                        dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr;
                    }
                    /* Check LFN validity and capture it */
                    ord = (c == ord && sum == dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum] && pick_lfn(fs->lfnbuf, dp->dir)) ? ord - 1 : 0xFF;
                } else
                { /* An SFN entry is found */
                    if(ord || sum != sum_sfn(dp->dir))
                    {                             /* Is there a valid LFN? */
                        dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* It has no LFN. */
                    }
                    break;
                }
            }
#else /* Non LFN configuration */
            if(c != DDEM && c != '.' && a != AM_LFN && (int)((a & ~AM_ARC) == AM_VOL) == vol)
            { /* Is it a valid entry? */
                break;
            }
#endif
        }
        res = dir_next(dp, 0); /* Next entry */
        if(res != FR_OK)
            break;
    }

    if(res != FR_OK)
        dp->sect = 0; /* Terminate the read operation on error or EOT */
    return res;
}

#endif /* _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || _USE_LABEL || _FS_RPATH >= 2 */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Find an object in the directory                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_find(        /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
                        DIR *dp /* Pointer to the directory object with the file name */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
    BYTE c;
#if _USE_LFN != 0
    BYTE a, ord, sum;
#endif

    res = dir_sdi(dp, 0); /* Rewind directory object */
    if(res != FR_OK)
        return res;
#if _FS_EXFAT
    if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
    { /* On the exFAT volume */
        BYTE nc;
        UINT di, ni;
        WORD hash = xname_sum(fs->lfnbuf); /* Hash value of the name to find */

        while((res = dir_read(dp, 0)) == FR_OK)
        { /* Read an item */
            if(ld_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_NameHash) != hash)
                continue; /* Skip the comparison if hash value mismatched */
            for(nc = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName], di = SZDIRE * 2, ni = 0; nc; nc--, di += 2, ni++)
            { /* Compare the name */
                if((di % SZDIRE) == 0)
                    di += 2;
                if(ff_wtoupper(ld_word(fs->dirbuf + di)) != ff_wtoupper(fs->lfnbuf[ni]))
                    break;
            }
            if(nc == 0 && !fs->lfnbuf[ni])
                break; /* Name matched? */
        }
        return res;
    }
#endif
    /* On the FAT12/16/32 volume */
#if _USE_LFN != 0
    ord = sum = 0xFF;
    dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Reset LFN sequence */
#endif
    do
    {
        res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
        if(res != FR_OK)
            break;
        c = dp->dir[DIR_Name];
        if(c == 0)
        {
            res = FR_NO_FILE;
            break;
        }         /* Reached to end of table */
#if _USE_LFN != 0 /* LFN configuration */
        dp->obj.attr = a = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;
        if(c == DDEM || ((a & AM_VOL) && a != AM_LFN))
        { /* An entry without valid data */
            ord = 0xFF;
            dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Reset LFN sequence */
        } else
        {
            if(a == AM_LFN)
            { /* An LFN entry is found */
                if(!(dp->fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NOLFN))
                {
                    if(c & LLEF)
                    { /* Is it start of LFN sequence? */
                        sum = dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum];
                        c &= (BYTE)~LLEF;
                        ord = c;                /* LFN start order */
                        dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr; /* Start offset of LFN */
                    }
                    /* Check validity of the LFN entry and compare it with given name */
                    ord = (c == ord && sum == dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum] && cmp_lfn(fs->lfnbuf, dp->dir)) ? ord - 1 : 0xFF;
                }
            } else
            { /* An SFN entry is found */
                if(!ord && sum == sum_sfn(dp->dir))
                    break; /* LFN matched? */
                if(!(dp->fn[NSFLAG] & NS_LOSS) && !mem_cmp(dp->dir, dp->fn, 11))
                    break; /* SFN matched? */
                ord = 0xFF;
                dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Reset LFN sequence */
            }
        }
#else /* Non LFN configuration */
        dp->obj.attr = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;
        if(!(dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_VOL) && !mem_cmp(dp->dir, dp->fn, 11))
            break; /* Is it a valid entry? */
#endif
        res = dir_next(dp, 0); /* Next entry */
    } while(res == FR_OK);

    return res;
}

#if !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Register an object to the directory                                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_register(        /* FR_OK:succeeded, FR_DENIED:no free entry or too many SFN collision, FR_DISK_ERR:disk error */
                            DIR *dp /* Target directory with object name to be created */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
#if _USE_LFN != 0 /* LFN configuration */
    UINT n, nlen, nent;
    BYTE sn[12], sum;

    if(dp->fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME))
        return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Check name validity */
    for(nlen = 0; fs->lfnbuf[nlen]; nlen++)
        ; /* Get lfn length */

#if _FS_EXFAT
    if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
    { /* On the exFAT volume */
        DIR dj;

        nent = (nlen + 14) / 15 + 2; /* Number of entries to allocate (85+C0+C1s) */
        res = dir_alloc(dp, nent);   /* Allocate entries */
        if(res != FR_OK)
            return res;
        dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr - SZDIRE * (nent - 1); /* Set block position */

        if(dp->obj.sclust != 0 && (dp->obj.stat & 4))
        { /* Has the sub-directory been stretched? */
            dp->obj.stat &= 3;
            dp->obj.objsize += (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs); /* Increase object size by cluster size */
            res = fill_fat_chain(&dp->obj);               /* Complement FAT chain if needed */
            if(res != FR_OK)
                return res;
            res = load_obj_dir(&dj, &dp->obj);
            if(res != FR_OK)
                return res;                                        /* Load the object status */
            st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, dp->obj.objsize); /* Update the allocation status */
            st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, dp->obj.objsize);
            fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = dp->obj.stat | 1;
            res = store_xdir(&dj); /* Store the object status */
            if(res != FR_OK)
                return res;
        }

        create_xdir(fs->dirbuf, fs->lfnbuf); /* Create on-memory directory block to be written later */
        return FR_OK;
    }
#endif
    /* On the FAT12/16/32 volume */
    mem_cpy(sn, dp->fn, 12);
    if(sn[NSFLAG] & NS_LOSS)
    {                              /* When LFN is out of 8.3 format, generate a numbered name */
        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = NS_NOLFN; /* Find only SFN */
        for(n = 1; n < 100; n++)
        {
            gen_numname(dp->fn, sn, fs->lfnbuf, n); /* Generate a numbered name */
            res = dir_find(dp);                     /* Check if the name collides with existing SFN */
            if(res != FR_OK)
                break;
        }
        if(n == 100)
            return FR_DENIED; /* Abort if too many collisions */
        if(res != FR_NO_FILE)
            return res; /* Abort if the result is other than 'not collided' */
        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = sn[NSFLAG];
    }

    /* Create an SFN with/without LFNs. */
    nent = (sn[NSFLAG] & NS_LFN) ? (nlen + 12) / 13 + 1 : 1; /* Number of entries to allocate */
    res = dir_alloc(dp, nent);                               /* Allocate entries */
    if(res == FR_OK && --nent)
    { /* Set LFN entry if needed */
        res = dir_sdi(dp, dp->dptr - nent * SZDIRE);
        if(res == FR_OK)
        {
            sum = sum_sfn(dp->fn); /* Checksum value of the SFN tied to the LFN */
            do
            { /* Store LFN entries in bottom first */
                res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
                if(res != FR_OK)
                    break;
                put_lfn(fs->lfnbuf, dp->dir, (BYTE)nent, sum);
                fs->wflag = 1;
                res = dir_next(dp, 0); /* Next entry */
            } while(res == FR_OK && --nent);
        }
    }

#else /* Non LFN configuration */
    res = dir_alloc(dp, 1); /* Allocate an entry for SFN */

#endif

    /* Set SFN entry */
    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
        res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
        if(res == FR_OK)
        {
            mem_set(dp->dir, 0, SZDIRE);             /* Clean the entry */
            mem_cpy(dp->dir + DIR_Name, dp->fn, 11); /* Put SFN */
#if _USE_LFN != 0
            dp->dir[DIR_NTres] = dp->fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_BODY | NS_EXT); /* Put NT flag */
#endif
            fs->wflag = 1;
        }
    }

    return res;
}

#endif /* !_FS_READONLY */

#if !_FS_READONLY && _FS_MINIMIZE == 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Remove an object from the directory                                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_remove(        /* FR_OK:Succeeded, FR_DISK_ERR:A disk error */
                          DIR *dp /* Directory object pointing the entry to be removed */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
#if _USE_LFN != 0 /* LFN configuration */
    DWORD last = dp->dptr;

    res = (dp->blk_ofs == 0xFFFFFFFF) ? FR_OK : dir_sdi(dp, dp->blk_ofs); /* Goto top of the entry block if LFN is exist */
    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
        do
        {
            res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
            if(res != FR_OK)
                break;
            /* Mark an entry 'deleted' */
            if(_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
            { /* On the exFAT volume */
                dp->dir[XDIR_Type] &= 0x7F;
            } else
            { /* On the FAT12/16/32 volume */
                dp->dir[DIR_Name] = DDEM;
            }
            fs->wflag = 1;
            if(dp->dptr >= last)
                break;             /* If reached last entry then all entries of the object has been deleted. */
            res = dir_next(dp, 0); /* Next entry */
        } while(res == FR_OK);
        if(res == FR_NO_FILE)
            res = FR_INT_ERR;
    }
#else /* Non LFN configuration */

    res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
        dp->dir[DIR_Name] = DDEM;
        fs->wflag = 1;
    }
#endif

    return res;
}

#endif /* !_FS_READONLY && _FS_MINIMIZE == 0 */

#if _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || _FS_RPATH >= 2
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get file information from directory entry                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static void get_fileinfo(             /* No return code */
                         DIR *dp,     /* Pointer to the directory object */
                         FILINFO *fno /* Pointer to the file information to be filled */
)
{
    UINT i, j;
    TCHAR c;
    DWORD tm;
#if _USE_LFN != 0
    WCHAR w, lfv;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
#endif

    fno->fname[0] = 0; /* Invaidate file info */
    if(!dp->sect)
        return; /* Exit if read pointer has reached end of directory */

#if _USE_LFN != 0 /* LFN configuration */
#if _FS_EXFAT
    if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
    { /* On the exFAT volume */
        get_xdir_info(fs->dirbuf, fno);
        return;
    } else
#endif
    { /* On the FAT12/16/32 volume */
        if(dp->blk_ofs != 0xFFFFFFFF)
        { /* Get LFN if available */
            i = j = 0;
            while((w = fs->lfnbuf[j++]) != 0)
            { /* Get an LFN character */
#if !_LFN_UNICODE
                w = ff_convert(w, 0); /* Unicode -> OEM */
                if(w == 0)
                {
                    i = 0;
                    break;
                } /* No LFN if it could not be converted */
                if(_DF1S && w >= 0x100)
                { /* Put 1st byte if it is a DBC (always false at SBCS cfg) */
                    fno->fname[i++] = (char)(w >> 8);
                }
#endif
                if(i >= _MAX_LFN)
                {
                    i = 0;
                    break;
                } /* No LFN if buffer overflow */
                fno->fname[i++] = (TCHAR)w;
            }
            fno->fname[i] = 0; /* Terminate the LFN */
        }
    }

    i = j = 0;
    lfv = fno->fname[i]; /* LFN is exist if non-zero */
    while(i < 11)
    { /* Copy name body and extension */
        c = (TCHAR)dp->dir[i++];
        if(c == ' ')
            continue; /* Skip padding spaces */
        if(c == RDDEM)
            c = (TCHAR)DDEM; /* Restore replaced DDEM character */
        if(i == 9)
        { /* Insert a . if extension is exist */
            if(!lfv)
                fno->fname[j] = '.';
            fno->altname[j++] = '.';
        }
#if _LFN_UNICODE
        if(IsDBCS1(c) && i != 8 && i != 11 && IsDBCS2(dp->dir[i]))
        {
            c = c << 8 | dp->dir[i++];
        }
        c = ff_convert(c, 1); /* OEM -> Unicode */
        if(!c)
            c = '?';
#endif
        fno->altname[j] = c;
        if(!lfv)
        {
            if(IsUpper(c) && (dp->dir[DIR_NTres] & (i >= 9 ? NS_EXT : NS_BODY)))
            {
                c += 0x20; /* To lower */
            }
            fno->fname[j] = c;
        }
        j++;
    }
    if(!lfv)
    {
        fno->fname[j] = 0;
        if(!dp->dir[DIR_NTres])
            j = 0; /* Altname is no longer needed if neither LFN nor case info is exist. */
    }
    fno->altname[j] = 0; /* Terminate the SFN */

#else /* Non-LFN configuration */
    i = j = 0;
    while(i < 11)
    { /* Copy name body and extension */
        c = (TCHAR)dp->dir[i++];
        if(c == ' ')
            continue; /* Skip padding spaces */
        if(c == RDDEM)
            c = (TCHAR)DDEM; /* Restore replaced DDEM character */
        if(i == 9)
            fno->fname[j++] = '.'; /* Insert a . if extension is exist */
        fno->fname[j++] = c;
    }
    fno->fname[j] = 0;
#endif

    fno->fattrib = dp->dir[DIR_Attr];              /* Attribute */
    fno->fsize = ld_dword(dp->dir + DIR_FileSize); /* Size */
    tm = ld_dword(dp->dir + DIR_ModTime);          /* Timestamp */
    fno->ftime = (WORD)tm;
    fno->fdate = (WORD)(tm >> 16);
}

#endif /* _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || _FS_RPATH >= 2 */

#if _USE_FIND && _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Pattern matching                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static WCHAR get_achar(                  /* Get a character and advances ptr 1 or 2 */
                       const TCHAR **ptr /* Pointer to pointer to the SBCS/DBCS/Unicode string */
)
{
#if !_LFN_UNICODE
    WCHAR chr;

    chr = (BYTE) * (*ptr)++; /* Get a byte */
    if(IsLower(chr))
        chr -= 0x20; /* To upper ASCII char */
#ifdef _EXCVT
    if(chr >= 0x80)
        chr = ExCvt[chr - 0x80]; /* To upper SBCS extended char */
#else
    if(IsDBCS1(chr) && IsDBCS2(**ptr))
    { /* Get DBC 2nd byte if needed */
        chr = chr << 8 | (BYTE) * (*ptr)++;
    }
#endif
    return chr;
#else
    return ff_wtoupper(*(*ptr)++);             /* Get a word and to upper */
#endif
}

static int pattern_matching(                  /* 0:not matched, 1:matched */
                            const TCHAR *pat, /* Matching pattern */
                            const TCHAR *nam, /* String to be tested */
                            int skip,         /* Number of pre-skip chars (number of ?s) */
                            int inf           /* Infinite search (* specified) */
)
{
    const TCHAR *pp, *np;
    WCHAR pc, nc;
    int nm, nx;

    while(skip--)
    { /* Pre-skip name chars */
        if(!get_achar(&nam))
            return 0; /* Branch mismatched if less name chars */
    }
    if(!*pat && inf)
        return 1; /* (short circuit) */

    do
    {
        pp = pat;
        np = nam; /* Top of pattern and name to match */
        for(;;)
        {
            if(*pp == '?' || *pp == '*')
            { /* Wildcard? */
                nm = nx = 0;
                do
                { /* Analyze the wildcard chars */
                    if(*pp++ == '?')
                        nm++;
                    else
                        nx = 1;
                } while(*pp == '?' || *pp == '*');
                if(pattern_matching(pp, np, nm, nx))
                    return 1; /* Test new branch (recurs upto number of wildcard blocks in the pattern) */
                nc = *np;
                break; /* Branch mismatched */
            }
            pc = get_achar(&pp); /* Get a pattern char */
            nc = get_achar(&np); /* Get a name char */
            if(pc != nc)
                break; /* Branch mismatched? */
            if(pc == 0)
                return 1; /* Branch matched? (matched at end of both strings) */
        }
        get_achar(&nam); /* nam++ */
    } while(inf && nc);  /* Retry until end of name if infinite search is specified */

    return 0;
}

#endif /* _USE_FIND && _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Pick a top segment and create the object name in directory form       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT create_name(                   /* FR_OK: successful, FR_INVALID_NAME: could not create */
                           DIR *dp,           /* Pointer to the directory object */
                           const TCHAR **path /* Pointer to pointer to the segment in the path string */
)
{
#if _USE_LFN != 0 /* LFN configuration */
    BYTE b, cf;
    WCHAR w, *lfn;
    UINT i, ni, si, di;
    const TCHAR *p;

    /* Create LFN in Unicode */
    p = *path;
    lfn = dp->obj.fs->lfnbuf;
    si = di = 0;
    for(;;)
    {
        w = p[si++]; /* Get a character */
        if(w < ' ')
            break; /* Break if end of the path name */
        if(w == '/' || w == '\\')
        { /* Break if a separator is found */
            while(p[si] == '/' || p[si] == '\\')
                si++; /* Skip duplicated separator if exist */
            break;
        }
        if(di >= _MAX_LFN)
            return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject too long name */
#if !_LFN_UNICODE
        w &= 0xFF;
        if(IsDBCS1(w))
        {                      /* Check if it is a DBC 1st byte (always false on SBCS cfg) */
            b = (BYTE)p[si++]; /* Get 2nd byte */
            w = (w << 8) + b;  /* Create a DBC */
            if(!IsDBCS2(b))
                return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject invalid sequence */
        }
        w = ff_convert(w, 1); /* Convert ANSI/OEM to Unicode */
        if(!w)
            return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject invalid code */
#endif
        if(w < 0x80 && chk_chr("\"*:<>\?|\x7F", w))
            return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject illegal characters for LFN */
        lfn[di++] = w;              /* Store the Unicode character */
    }
    *path = &p[si];               /* Return pointer to the next segment */
    cf = (w < ' ') ? NS_LAST : 0; /* Set last segment flag if end of the path */
#if _FS_RPATH != 0
    if((di == 1 && lfn[di - 1] == '.') ||
       (di == 2 && lfn[di - 1] == '.' && lfn[di - 2] == '.'))
    { /* Is this segment a dot name? */
        lfn[di] = 0;
        for(i = 0; i < 11; i++) /* Create dot name for SFN entry */
            dp->fn[i] = (i < di) ? '.' : ' ';
        dp->fn[i] = cf | NS_DOT; /* This is a dot entry */
        return FR_OK;
    }
#endif
    while(di)
    { /* Snip off trailing spaces and dots if exist */
        w = lfn[di - 1];
        if(w != ' ' && w != '.')
            break;
        di--;
    }
    lfn[di] = 0; /* LFN is created */
    if(di == 0)
        return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject nul name */

    /* Create SFN in directory form */
    mem_set(dp->fn, ' ', 11);
    for(si = 0; lfn[si] == ' ' || lfn[si] == '.'; si++)
        ; /* Strip leading spaces and dots */
    if(si)
        cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;
    while(di && lfn[di - 1] != '.')
        di--; /* Find extension (di<=si: no extension) */

    i = b = 0;
    ni = 8;
    for(;;)
    {
        w = lfn[si++]; /* Get an LFN character */
        if(!w)
            break; /* Break on end of the LFN */
        if(w == ' ' || (w == '.' && si != di))
        { /* Remove spaces and dots */
            cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;
            continue;
        }

        if(i >= ni || si == di)
        { /* Extension or end of SFN */
            if(ni == 11)
            { /* Long extension */
                cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;
                break;
            }
            if(si != di)
                cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN; /* Out of 8.3 format */
            if(si > di)
                break; /* No extension */
            si = di;
            i = 8;
            ni = 11; /* Enter extension section */
            b <<= 2;
            continue;
        }

        if(w >= 0x80)
        { /* Non ASCII character */
#ifdef _EXCVT
            w = ff_convert(w, 0); /* Unicode -> OEM code */
            if(w)
                w = ExCvt[w - 0x80]; /* Convert extended character to upper (SBCS) */
#else
            w = ff_convert(ff_wtoupper(w), 0); /* Upper converted Unicode -> OEM code */
#endif
            cf |= NS_LFN; /* Force create LFN entry */
        }

        if(_DF1S && w >= 0x100)
        { /* Is this DBC? (always false at SBCS cfg) */
            if(i >= ni - 1)
            {
                cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;
                i = ni;
                continue;
            }
            dp->fn[i++] = (BYTE)(w >> 8);
        } else
        { /* SBC */
            if(!w || chk_chr("+,;=[]", w))
            { /* Replace illegal characters for SFN */
                w = '_';
                cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN; /* Lossy conversion */
            } else
            {
                if(IsUpper(w))
                { /* ASCII large capital */
                    b |= 2;
                } else
                {
                    if(IsLower(w))
                    { /* ASCII small capital */
                        b |= 1;
                        w -= 0x20;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        dp->fn[i++] = (BYTE)w;
    }

    if(dp->fn[0] == DDEM)
        dp->fn[0] = RDDEM; /* If the first character collides with DDEM, replace it with RDDEM */

    if(ni == 8)
        b <<= 2;
    if((b & 0x0C) == 0x0C || (b & 0x03) == 0x03)
        cf |= NS_LFN; /* Create LFN entry when there are composite capitals */
    if(!(cf & NS_LFN))
    { /* When LFN is in 8.3 format without extended character, NT flags are created */
        if((b & 0x03) == 0x01)
            cf |= NS_EXT; /* NT flag (Extension has only small capital) */
        if((b & 0x0C) == 0x04)
            cf |= NS_BODY; /* NT flag (Filename has only small capital) */
    }

    dp->fn[NSFLAG] = cf; /* SFN is created */

    return FR_OK;

#else /* _USE_LFN != 0 : Non-LFN configuration */
    BYTE c, d, *sfn;
    UINT ni, si, i;
    const char *p;

    /* Create file name in directory form */
    p = *path;
    sfn = dp->fn;
    mem_set(sfn, ' ', 11);
    si = i = 0;
    ni = 8;
#if _FS_RPATH != 0
    if(p[si] == '.')
    { /* Is this a dot entry? */
        for(;;)
        {
            c = (BYTE)p[si++];
            if(c != '.' || si >= 3)
                break;
            sfn[i++] = c;
        }
        if(c != '/' && c != '\\' && c > ' ')
            return FR_INVALID_NAME;
        *path = p + si;                                       /* Return pointer to the next segment */
        sfn[NSFLAG] = (c <= ' ') ? NS_LAST | NS_DOT : NS_DOT; /* Set last segment flag if end of the path */
        return FR_OK;
    }
#endif
    for(;;)
    {
        c = (BYTE)p[si++];
        if(c <= ' ')
            break; /* Break if end of the path name */
        if(c == '/' || c == '\\')
        { /* Break if a separator is found */
            while(p[si] == '/' || p[si] == '\\')
                si++; /* Skip duplicated separator if exist */
            break;
        }
        if(c == '.' || i >= ni)
        { /* End of body or over size? */
            if(ni == 11 || c != '.')
                return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Over size or invalid dot */
            i = 8;
            ni = 11; /* Goto extension */
            continue;
        }
        if(c >= 0x80)
        {                        /* Extended character? */
#ifdef _EXCVT
            c = ExCvt[c - 0x80]; /* To upper extended characters (SBCS cfg) */
#else
#if !_DF1S
            return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject extended characters (ASCII only cfg) */
#endif
#endif
        }
        if(IsDBCS1(c))
        {                      /* Check if it is a DBC 1st byte (always false at SBCS cfg.) */
            d = (BYTE)p[si++]; /* Get 2nd byte */
            if(!IsDBCS2(d) || i >= ni - 1)
                return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject invalid DBC */
            sfn[i++] = c;
            sfn[i++] = d;
        } else
        { /* SBC */
            if(chk_chr("\"*+,:;<=>\?[]|\x7F", c))
                return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject illegal chrs for SFN */
            if(IsLower(c))
                c -= 0x20; /* To upper */
            sfn[i++] = c;
        }
    }
    *path = p + si; /* Return pointer to the next segment */
    if(i == 0)
        return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject nul string */

    if(sfn[0] == DDEM)
        sfn[0] = RDDEM;                     /* If the first character collides with DDEM, replace it with RDDEM */
    sfn[NSFLAG] = (c <= ' ') ? NS_LAST : 0; /* Set last segment flag if end of the path */

    return FR_OK;
#endif /* _USE_LFN != 0 */
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Follow a file path                                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT follow_path(                  /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: error code */
                           DIR *dp,          /* Directory object to return last directory and found object */
                           const TCHAR *path /* Full-path string to find a file or directory */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    BYTE ns;
    _FDID *obj = &dp->obj;
    FATFS *fs = obj->fs;

#if _FS_RPATH != 0
    if(*path != '/' && *path != '\\')
    {                           /* Without heading separator */
        obj->sclust = fs->cdir; /* Start from the current directory */
    } else
#endif
    { /* With heading separator */
        while(*path == '/' || *path == '\\')
            path++;      /* Strip heading separator */
        obj->sclust = 0; /* Start from the root directory */
    }
#if _FS_EXFAT && _FS_RPATH != 0
    if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT && obj->sclust)
    { /* Retrieve the sub-directory status if needed */
        DIR dj;

        obj->c_scl = fs->cdc_scl;
        obj->c_size = fs->cdc_size;
        obj->c_ofs = fs->cdc_ofs;
        res = load_obj_dir(&dj, obj);
        if(res != FR_OK)
            return res;
        obj->objsize = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize);
        obj->stat = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] & 2;
    }
#endif

    if((UINT)*path < ' ')
    { /* Null path name is the origin directory itself */
        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = NS_NONAME;
        res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);
    } else
    { /* Follow path */
        for(;;)
        {
            res = create_name(dp, &path); /* Get a segment name of the path */
            if(res != FR_OK)
                break;
            res = dir_find(dp); /* Find an object with the segment name */
            ns = dp->fn[NSFLAG];
            if(res != FR_OK)
            { /* Failed to find the object */
                if(res == FR_NO_FILE)
                { /* Object is not found */
                    if(_FS_RPATH && (ns & NS_DOT))
                    { /* If dot entry is not exist, stay there */
                        if(!(ns & NS_LAST))
                            continue; /* Continue to follow if not last segment */
                        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = NS_NONAME;
                        res = FR_OK;
                    } else
                    { /* Could not find the object */
                        if(!(ns & NS_LAST))
                            res = FR_NO_PATH; /* Adjust error code if not last segment */
                    }
                }
                break;
            }
            if(ns & NS_LAST)
                break; /* Last segment matched. Function completed. */
            /* Get into the sub-directory */
            if(!(obj->attr & AM_DIR))
            { /* It is not a sub-directory and cannot follow */
                res = FR_NO_PATH;
                break;
            }
#if _FS_EXFAT
            if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
            {
                obj->c_scl = obj->sclust; /* Save containing directory information for next dir */
                obj->c_size = ((DWORD)obj->objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | obj->stat;
                obj->c_ofs = dp->blk_ofs;
                obj->sclust = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus); /* Open next directory */
                obj->stat = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] & 2;
                obj->objsize = ld_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize);
            } else
#endif
            {
                obj->sclust = ld_clust(fs, fs->win + dp->dptr % SS(fs)); /* Open next directory */
            }
        }
    }

    return res;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get logical drive number from path name                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static int get_ldnumber(                   /* Returns logical drive number (-1:invalid drive) */
                        const TCHAR **path /* Pointer to pointer to the path name */
)
{
    const TCHAR *tp, *tt;
    UINT i;
    int vol = -1;
#if _STR_VOLUME_ID /* Find string drive id */
    static const char *const str[] = {_VOLUME_STRS};
    const char *sp;
    char c;
    TCHAR tc;
#endif

    if(*path)
    { /* If the pointer is not a null */
        for(tt = *path; (UINT)*tt >= (_USE_LFN ? ' ' : '!') && *tt != ':'; tt++)
            ; /* Find ':' in the path */
        if(*tt == ':')
        { /* If a ':' is exist in the path name */
            tp = *path;
            i = *tp++ - '0';
            if(i < 10 && tp == tt)
            { /* Is there a numeric drive id? */
                if(i < _VOLUMES)
                { /* If a drive id is found, get the value and strip it */
                    vol = (int)i;
                    *path = ++tt;
                }
            }
#if _STR_VOLUME_ID
            else
            { /* No numeric drive number, find string drive id */
                i = 0;
                tt++;
                do
                {
                    sp = str[i];
                    tp = *path;
                    do
                    { /* Compare a string drive id with path name */
                        c = *sp++;
                        tc = *tp++;
                        if(IsLower(tc))
                            tc -= 0x20;
                    } while(c && (TCHAR)c == tc);
                } while((c || tp != tt) && ++i < _VOLUMES); /* Repeat for each id until pattern match */
                if(i < _VOLUMES)
                { /* If a drive id is found, get the value and strip it */
                    vol = (int)i;
                    *path = tt;
                }
            }
#endif
            return vol;
        }
#if _FS_RPATH != 0 && _VOLUMES >= 2
        vol = CurrVol; /* Current drive */
#else
        vol = 0; /* Drive 0 */
#endif
    }
    return vol;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Load a sector and check if it is an FAT boot sector                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static BYTE check_fs(           /* 0:FAT, 1:exFAT, 2:Valid BS but not FAT, 3:Not a BS, 4:Disk error */
                     FATFS *fs, /* File system object */
                     DWORD sect /* Sector# (lba) to check if it is an FAT-VBR or not */
)
{
    fs->wflag = 0;
    fs->winsect = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Invaidate window */
    if(move_window(fs, sect) != FR_OK)
        return 4; /* Load boot record */

    if(ld_word(fs->win + BS_55AA) != 0xAA55)
        return 3; /* Check boot record signature (always placed at offset 510 even if the sector size is >512) */

    if(fs->win[BS_JmpBoot] == 0xE9 || (fs->win[BS_JmpBoot] == 0xEB && fs->win[BS_JmpBoot + 2] == 0x90))
    {
        if((ld_dword(fs->win + BS_FilSysType) & 0xFFFFFF) == 0x544146)
            return 0; /* Check "FAT" string */
        if(ld_dword(fs->win + BS_FilSysType32) == 0x33544146)
            return 0; /* Check "FAT3" string */
    }
#if _FS_EXFAT
    if(!mem_cmp(fs->win + BS_JmpBoot, "\xEB\x76\x90"
                                      "EXFAT   ",
                11))
        return 1;
#endif
    return 2;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Find logical drive and check if the volume is mounted                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT find_volume(                    /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: any error occurred */
                           const TCHAR **path, /* Pointer to pointer to the path name (drive number) */
                           FATFS **rfs,        /* Pointer to pointer to the found file system object */
                           BYTE mode           /* !=0: Check write protection for write access */
)
{
    BYTE fmt, *pt;
    int vol;
    DSTATUS stat;
    DWORD bsect, fasize, tsect, sysect, nclst, szbfat, br[4];
    WORD nrsv;
    FATFS *fs;
    UINT i;

    /* Get logical drive number */
    *rfs = 0;
    vol = get_ldnumber(path);
    if(vol < 0)
        return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;

    /* Check if the file system object is valid or not */
    fs = FatFs[vol]; /* Get pointer to the file system object */
    if(!fs)
        return FR_NOT_ENABLED; /* Is the file system object available? */

    ENTER_FF(fs); /* Lock the volume */
    *rfs = fs;    /* Return pointer to the file system object */

    mode &= (BYTE)~FA_READ; /* Desired access mode, write access or not */
    if(fs->fs_type)
    { /* If the volume has been mounted */
        stat = disk_status(fs->drv);
        if(!(stat & STA_NOINIT))
        { /* and the physical drive is kept initialized */
            if(!_FS_READONLY && mode && (stat & STA_PROTECT))
            { /* Check write protection if needed */
                return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
            }
            return FR_OK; /* The file system object is valid */
        }
    }

    /* The file system object is not valid. */
    /* Following code attempts to mount the volume. (analyze BPB and initialize the fs object) */

    fs->fs_type = 0;                 /* Clear the file system object */
    fs->drv = LD2PD(vol);            /* Bind the logical drive and a physical drive */
    stat = disk_initialize(fs->drv); /* Initialize the physical drive */
    if(stat & STA_NOINIT)
    {                        /* Check if the initialization succeeded */
        return FR_NOT_READY; /* Failed to initialize due to no medium or hard error */
    }
    if(!_FS_READONLY && mode && (stat & STA_PROTECT))
    { /* Check disk write protection if needed */
        return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
    }
#if _MAX_SS != _MIN_SS /* Get sector size (multiple sector size cfg only) */
    if(disk_ioctl(fs->drv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &SS(fs)) != RES_OK)
        return FR_DISK_ERR;
    if(SS(fs) > _MAX_SS || SS(fs) < _MIN_SS || (SS(fs) & (SS(fs) - 1)))
        return FR_DISK_ERR;
#endif
    /* Find an FAT partition on the drive. Supports only generic partitioning, FDISK and SFD. */
    bsect = 0;
    fmt = check_fs(fs, bsect); /* Load sector 0 and check if it is an FAT-VBR as SFD */
    if(fmt == 2 || (fmt < 2 && LD2PT(vol) != 0))
    { /* Not an FAT-VBR or forced partition number */
        for(i = 0; i < 4; i++)
        { /* Get partition offset */
            pt = fs->win + (MBR_Table + i * SZ_PTE);
            br[i] = pt[PTE_System] ? ld_dword(pt + PTE_StLba) : 0;
        }
        i = LD2PT(vol); /* Partition number: 0:auto, 1-4:forced */
        if(i)
            i--;
        do
        { /* Find an FAT volume */
            bsect = br[i];
            fmt = bsect ? check_fs(fs, bsect) : 3; /* Check the partition */
        } while(!LD2PT(vol) && fmt >= 2 && ++i < 4);
    }
    if(fmt == 4)
        return FR_DISK_ERR; /* An error occured in the disk I/O layer */
    if(fmt >= 2)
        return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* No FAT volume is found */

        /* An FAT volume is found. Following code initializes the file system object */

#if _FS_EXFAT
    if(fmt == 1)
    {
        QWORD maxlba;

        for(i = BPB_ZeroedEx; i < BPB_ZeroedEx + 53 && fs->win[i] == 0; i++)
            ; /* Check zero filler */
        if(i < BPB_ZeroedEx + 53)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;

        if(ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FSVerEx) != 0x100)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* Check exFAT revision (Must be 1.0) */

        if(1 << fs->win[BPB_BytsPerSecEx] != SS(fs)) /* (BPB_BytsPerSecEx must be equal to the physical sector size) */
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;

        maxlba = ld_qword(fs->win + BPB_TotSecEx) + bsect; /* Last LBA + 1 of the volume */
        if(maxlba >= 0x100000000)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (It cannot be handled in 32-bit LBA) */

        fs->fsize = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_FatSzEx); /* Number of sectors per FAT */

        fs->n_fats = fs->win[BPB_NumFATsEx]; /* Number of FATs */
        if(fs->n_fats != 1)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Supports only 1 FAT) */

        fs->csize = 1 << fs->win[BPB_SecPerClusEx]; /* Cluster size */
        if(fs->csize == 0)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Must be 1..32768) */

        nclst = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_NumClusEx); /* Number of clusters */
        if(nclst > MAX_EXFAT)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Too many clusters) */
        fs->n_fatent = nclst + 2;

        /* Boundaries and Limits */
        fs->volbase = bsect;
        fs->database = bsect + ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_DataOfsEx);
        fs->fatbase = bsect + ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_FatOfsEx);
        if(maxlba < (QWORD)fs->database + nclst * fs->csize)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Volume size must not be smaller than the size requiered) */
        fs->dirbase = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_RootClusEx);

        /* Check if bitmap location is in assumption (at the first cluster) */
        if(move_window(fs, clust2sect(fs, fs->dirbase)) != FR_OK)
            return FR_DISK_ERR;
        for(i = 0; i < SS(fs); i += SZDIRE)
        {
            if(fs->win[i] == 0x81 && ld_dword(fs->win + i + 20) == 2)
                break; /* 81 entry with cluster #2? */
        }
        if(i == SS(fs))
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;
#if !_FS_READONLY
        fs->last_clst = fs->free_clst = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Initialize cluster allocation information */
#endif
        fmt = FS_EXFAT; /* FAT sub-type */
    } else
#endif /* _FS_EXFAT */
    {
        if(ld_word(fs->win + BPB_BytsPerSec) != SS(fs))
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (BPB_BytsPerSec must be equal to the physical sector size) */

        fasize = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FATSz16); /* Number of sectors per FAT */
        if(fasize == 0)
            fasize = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_FATSz32);
        fs->fsize = fasize;

        fs->n_fats = fs->win[BPB_NumFATs]; /* Number of FATs */
        if(fs->n_fats != 1 && fs->n_fats != 2)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Must be 1 or 2) */
        fasize *= fs->n_fats;        /* Number of sectors for FAT area */

        fs->csize = fs->win[BPB_SecPerClus]; /* Cluster size */
        if(fs->csize == 0 || (fs->csize & (fs->csize - 1)))
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Must be power of 2) */

        fs->n_rootdir = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_RootEntCnt); /* Number of root directory entries */
        if(fs->n_rootdir % (SS(fs) / SZDIRE))
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Must be sector aligned) */

        tsect = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_TotSec16); /* Number of sectors on the volume */
        if(tsect == 0)
            tsect = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_TotSec32);

        nrsv = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_RsvdSecCnt); /* Number of reserved sectors */
        if(nrsv == 0)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Must not be 0) */

        /* Determine the FAT sub type */
        sysect = nrsv + fasize + fs->n_rootdir / (SS(fs) / SZDIRE); /* RSV + FAT + DIR */
        if(tsect < sysect)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;          /* (Invalid volume size) */
        nclst = (tsect - sysect) / fs->csize; /* Number of clusters */
        if(nclst == 0)
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Invalid volume size) */
        fmt = FS_FAT32;
        if(nclst <= MAX_FAT16)
            fmt = FS_FAT16;
        if(nclst <= MAX_FAT12)
            fmt = FS_FAT12;

        /* Boundaries and Limits */
        fs->n_fatent = nclst + 2;      /* Number of FAT entries */
        fs->volbase = bsect;           /* Volume start sector */
        fs->fatbase = bsect + nrsv;    /* FAT start sector */
        fs->database = bsect + sysect; /* Data start sector */
        if(fmt == FS_FAT32)
        {
            if(ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FSVer32) != 0)
                return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Must be FAT32 revision 0.0) */
            if(fs->n_rootdir)
                return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;                      /* (BPB_RootEntCnt must be 0) */
            fs->dirbase = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_RootClus32); /* Root directory start cluster */
            szbfat = fs->n_fatent * 4;                        /* (Needed FAT size) */
        } else
        {
            if(fs->n_rootdir == 0)
                return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;        /* (BPB_RootEntCnt must not be 0) */
            fs->dirbase = fs->fatbase + fasize; /* Root directory start sector */
            szbfat = (fmt == FS_FAT16) ?        /* (Needed FAT size) */
                         fs->n_fatent * 2
                                       : fs->n_fatent * 3 / 2 + (fs->n_fatent & 1);
        }
        if(fs->fsize < (szbfat + (SS(fs) - 1)) / SS(fs))
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (BPB_FATSz must not be less than the size needed) */

#if !_FS_READONLY
        /* Get FSINFO if available */
        fs->last_clst = fs->free_clst = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Initialize cluster allocation information */
        fs->fsi_flag = 0x80;
#if(_FS_NOFSINFO & 3) != 3
        if(fmt == FS_FAT32 /* Enable FSINFO only if FAT32 and BPB_FSInfo32 == 1 */
           && ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FSInfo32) == 1 && move_window(fs, bsect + 1) == FR_OK)
        {
            fs->fsi_flag = 0;
            if(ld_word(fs->win + BS_55AA) == 0xAA55 /* Load FSINFO data if available */
               && ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_LeadSig) == 0x41615252 && ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_StrucSig) == 0x61417272)
            {
#if(_FS_NOFSINFO & 1) == 0
                fs->free_clst = ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_Free_Count);
#endif
#if(_FS_NOFSINFO & 2) == 0
                fs->last_clst = ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_Nxt_Free);
#endif
            }
        }
#endif /* (_FS_NOFSINFO & 3) != 3 */
#endif /* !_FS_READONLY */
    }

    fs->fs_type = fmt; /* FAT sub-type */
    fs->id = ++Fsid;   /* File system mount ID */
#if _USE_LFN == 1
    fs->lfnbuf = LfnBuf; /* Static LFN working buffer */
#if _FS_EXFAT
    fs->dirbuf = DirBuf; /* Static directory block working buuffer */
#endif
#endif
#if _FS_RPATH != 0
    fs->cdir = 0; /* Initialize current directory */
#endif
#if _FS_LOCK != 0 /* Clear file lock semaphores */
    clear_lock(fs);
#endif
    return FR_OK;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Check if the file/directory object is valid or not                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT validate(            /* Returns FR_OK or FR_INVALID_OBJECT */
                        _FDID *obj, /* Pointer to the _OBJ, the 1st member in the FIL/DIR object, to check validity */
                        FATFS **fs  /* Pointer to pointer to the owner file system object to return */
)
{
    FRESULT res;

    if(!obj || !obj->fs || !obj->fs->fs_type || obj->fs->id != obj->id || (disk_status(obj->fs->drv) & STA_NOINIT))
    {
        *fs = 0; /* The object is invalid */
        res = FR_INVALID_OBJECT;
    } else
    {
        *fs = obj->fs;     /* Owner file sytem object */
        ENTER_FF(obj->fs); /* Lock file system */
        res = FR_OK;
    }
    return res;
}

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Public Functions (FatFs API)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Mount/Unmount a Logical Drive                                         */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_mount(
    FATFS *fs,         /* Pointer to the file system object (NULL:unmount)*/
    const TCHAR *path, /* Logical drive number to be mounted/unmounted */
    BYTE opt           /* Mode option 0:Do not mount (delayed mount), 1:Mount immediately */
)
{
    FATFS *cfs;
    int vol;
    FRESULT res;
    const TCHAR *rp = path;

    /* Get logical drive number */
    vol = get_ldnumber(&rp);
    if(vol < 0)
        return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
    cfs = FatFs[vol]; /* Pointer to fs object */

    if(cfs)
    {
#if _FS_LOCK != 0
        clear_lock(cfs);
#endif
#if _FS_REENTRANT /* Discard sync object of the current volume */
        if(!ff_del_syncobj(cfs->sobj))
            return FR_INT_ERR;
#endif
        cfs->fs_type = 0; /* Clear old fs object */
    }

    if(fs)
    {
        fs->fs_type = 0; /* Clear new fs object */
#if _FS_REENTRANT        /* Create sync object for the new volume */
        if(!ff_cre_syncobj((BYTE)vol, &fs->sobj))
            return FR_INT_ERR;
#endif
    }
    FatFs[vol] = fs; /* Register new fs object */

    if(!fs || opt != 1)
        return FR_OK; /* Do not mount now, it will be mounted later */

    res = find_volume(&path, &fs, 0); /* Force mounted the volume */
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Open or Create a File                                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_open(
    FIL *fp,           /* Pointer to the blank file object */
    const TCHAR *path, /* Pointer to the file name */
    BYTE mode          /* Access mode and file open mode flags */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
#if !_FS_READONLY
    DWORD dw, cl, bcs, clst, sc;
    FSIZE_t ofs;
#endif
    DEF_NAMBUF

    if(!fp)
        return FR_INVALID_OBJECT;

    /* Get logical drive */
    mode &= _FS_READONLY ? FA_READ : FA_READ | FA_WRITE | FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_CREATE_NEW | FA_OPEN_ALWAYS | FA_OPEN_APPEND | FA_SEEKEND;
    res = find_volume(&path, &fs, mode);
    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path); /* Follow the file path */
#if !_FS_READONLY                     /* R/W configuration */
        if(res == FR_OK)
        {
            if(dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME)
            { /* Origin directory itself? */
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
            }
#if _FS_LOCK != 0
            else
            {
                res = chk_lock(&dj, (mode & ~FA_READ) ? 1 : 0);
            }
#endif
        }
        /* Create or Open a file */
        if(mode & (FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_OPEN_ALWAYS | FA_CREATE_NEW))
        {
            if(res != FR_OK)
            {                         /* No file, create new */
                if(res == FR_NO_FILE) /* There is no file to open, create a new entry */
#if _FS_LOCK != 0
                    res = enq_lock() ? dir_register(&dj) : FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES;
#else
                    res = dir_register(&dj);
#endif
                mode |= FA_CREATE_ALWAYS; /* File is created */
            } else
            { /* Any object is already existing */
                if(dj.obj.attr & (AM_RDO | AM_DIR))
                { /* Cannot overwrite it (R/O or DIR) */
                    res = FR_DENIED;
                } else
                {
                    if(mode & FA_CREATE_NEW)
                        res = FR_EXIST; /* Cannot create as new file */
                }
            }
            if(res == FR_OK && (mode & FA_CREATE_ALWAYS))
            { /* Truncate it if overwrite mode */
                dw = GET_FATTIME();
#if _FS_EXFAT
                if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
                {
                    /* Get current allocation info */
                    fp->obj.fs = fs;
                    fp->obj.sclust = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus);
                    fp->obj.objsize = ld_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize);
                    fp->obj.stat = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] & 2;
                    /* Initialize directory entry block */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_CrtTime, dw); /* Set created time */
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_CrtTime10] = 0;
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, dw); /* Set modified time */
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_ModTime10] = 0;
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] = AM_ARC;         /* Reset attribute */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus, 0); /* Reset file allocation info */
                    st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, 0);
                    st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, 0);
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = 1;
                    res = store_xdir(&dj);
                    if(res == FR_OK && fp->obj.sclust)
                    { /* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
                        res = remove_chain(&fp->obj, fp->obj.sclust, 0);
                        fs->last_clst = fp->obj.sclust - 1; /* Reuse the cluster hole */
                    }
                } else
#endif
                {
                    /* Clean directory info */
                    st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_CrtTime, dw); /* Set created time */
                    st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_ModTime, dw); /* Set modified time */
                    dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_ARC;          /* Reset attribute */
                    cl = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);          /* Get cluster chain */
                    st_clust(fs, dj.dir, 0);            /* Reset file allocation info */
                    st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_FileSize, 0);
                    fs->wflag = 1;

                    if(cl)
                    { /* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
                        dw = fs->winsect;
                        res = remove_chain(&dj.obj, cl, 0);
                        if(res == FR_OK)
                        {
                            res = move_window(fs, dw);
                            fs->last_clst = cl - 1; /* Reuse the cluster hole */
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        } else
        { /* Open an existing file */
            if(res == FR_OK)
            { /* Following succeeded */
                if(dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR)
                { /* It is a directory */
                    res = FR_NO_FILE;
                } else
                {
                    if((mode & FA_WRITE) && (dj.obj.attr & AM_RDO))
                    { /* R/O violation */
                        res = FR_DENIED;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        if(res == FR_OK)
        {
            if(mode & FA_CREATE_ALWAYS) /* Set file change flag if created or overwritten */
                mode |= FA_MODIFIED;
            fp->dir_sect = fs->winsect; /* Pointer to the directory entry */
            fp->dir_ptr = dj.dir;
#if _FS_LOCK != 0
            fp->obj.lockid = inc_lock(&dj, (mode & ~FA_READ) ? 1 : 0);
            if(!fp->obj.lockid)
                res = FR_INT_ERR;
#endif
        }
#else /* R/O configuration */
        if(res == FR_OK)
        {
            if(dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME)
            { /* Origin directory itself? */
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
            } else
            {
                if(dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR)
                { /* It is a directory */
                    res = FR_NO_FILE;
                }
            }
        }
#endif

        if(res == FR_OK)
        {
#if _FS_EXFAT
            if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
            {
                fp->obj.sclust = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus); /* Get allocation info */
                fp->obj.objsize = ld_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize);
                fp->obj.stat = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] & 2;
                fp->obj.c_scl = dj.obj.sclust;
                fp->obj.c_size = ((DWORD)dj.obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dj.obj.stat;
                fp->obj.c_ofs = dj.blk_ofs;
            } else
#endif
            {
                fp->obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir); /* Get allocation info */
                fp->obj.objsize = ld_dword(dj.dir + DIR_FileSize);
            }
#if _USE_FASTSEEK
            fp->cltbl = 0; /* Disable fast seek mode */
#endif
            fp->obj.fs = fs; /* Validate the file object */
            fp->obj.id = fs->id;
            fp->flag = mode; /* Set file access mode */
            fp->err = 0;     /* Clear error flag */
            fp->sect = 0;    /* Invalidate current data sector */
            fp->fptr = 0;    /* Set file pointer top of the file */
#if !_FS_READONLY
#if !_FS_TINY
            mem_set(fp->buf, 0, _MAX_SS); /* Clear sector buffer */
#endif
            if((mode & FA_SEEKEND) && fp->obj.objsize > 0)
            {                                    /* Seek to end of file if FA_OPEN_APPEND is specified */
                fp->fptr = fp->obj.objsize;      /* Offset to seek */
                bcs = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs); /* Cluster size in byte */
                clst = fp->obj.sclust;           /* Follow the cluster chain */
                for(ofs = fp->obj.objsize; res == FR_OK && ofs > bcs; ofs -= bcs)
                {
                    clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, clst);
                    if(clst <= 1)
                        res = FR_INT_ERR;
                    if(clst == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                        res = FR_DISK_ERR;
                }
                fp->clust = clst;
                if(res == FR_OK && ofs % SS(fs))
                { /* Fill sector buffer if not on the sector boundary */
                    if((sc = clust2sect(fs, clst)) == 0)
                    {
                        res = FR_INT_ERR;
                    } else
                    {
                        fp->sect = sc + (DWORD)(ofs / SS(fs));
#if !_FS_TINY
                        if(disk_read(fs->drv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK)
                            res = FR_DISK_ERR;
#endif
                    }
                }
            }
#endif
        }

        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    if(res != FR_OK)
        fp->obj.fs = 0; /* Invalidate file object on error */

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read File                                                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_read(
    FIL *fp,    /* Pointer to the file object */
    void *buff, /* Pointer to data buffer */
    UINT btr,   /* Number of bytes to read */
    UINT *br    /* Pointer to number of bytes read */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD clst, sect;
    FSIZE_t remain;
    UINT rcnt, cc, csect;
    BYTE *rbuff = (BYTE *)buff;

    *br = 0;                       /* Clear read byte counter */
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */
    if(res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK)
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res); /* Check validity */
    if(!(fp->flag & FA_READ))
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check access mode */
    remain = fp->obj.objsize - fp->fptr;
    if(btr > remain)
        btr = (UINT)remain; /* Truncate btr by remaining bytes */

    for(; btr; /* Repeat until all data read */
        rbuff += rcnt, fp->fptr += rcnt, *br += rcnt, btr -= rcnt)
    {
        if(fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0)
        {                                                        /* On the sector boundary? */
            csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs) & (fs->csize - 1)); /* Sector offset in the cluster */
            if(csect == 0)
            { /* On the cluster boundary? */
                if(fp->fptr == 0)
                {                          /* On the top of the file? */
                    clst = fp->obj.sclust; /* Follow cluster chain from the origin */
                } else
                { /* Middle or end of the file */
#if _USE_FASTSEEK
                    if(fp->cltbl)
                    {
                        clst = clmt_clust(fp, fp->fptr); /* Get cluster# from the CLMT */
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust); /* Follow cluster chain on the FAT */
                    }
                }
                if(clst < 2)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                if(clst == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->clust = clst; /* Update current cluster */
            }
            sect = clust2sect(fs, fp->clust); /* Get current sector */
            if(!sect)
                ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
            sect += csect;
            cc = btr / SS(fs); /* When remaining bytes >= sector size, */
            if(cc)
            { /* Read maximum contiguous sectors directly */
                if(csect + cc > fs->csize)
                { /* Clip at cluster boundary */
                    cc = fs->csize - csect;
                }
                if(disk_read(fs->drv, rbuff, sect, cc) != RES_OK)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
#if !_FS_READONLY && _FS_MINIMIZE <= 2 /* Replace one of the read sectors with cached data if it contains a dirty sector */
#if _FS_TINY
                if(fs->wflag && fs->winsect - sect < cc)
                {
                    mem_cpy(rbuff + ((fs->winsect - sect) * SS(fs)), fs->win, SS(fs));
                }
#else
                if((fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) && fp->sect - sect < cc)
                {
                    mem_cpy(rbuff + ((fp->sect - sect) * SS(fs)), fp->buf, SS(fs));
                }
#endif
#endif
                rcnt = SS(fs) * cc; /* Number of bytes transferred */
                continue;
            }
#if !_FS_TINY
            if(fp->sect != sect)
            { /* Load data sector if not in cache */
#if !_FS_READONLY
                if(fp->flag & FA_DIRTY)
                { /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                    if(disk_write(fs->drv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK)
                        ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                }
#endif
                if(disk_read(fs->drv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Fill sector cache */
            }
#endif
            fp->sect = sect;
        }
        rcnt = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs); /* Number of bytes left in the sector */
        if(rcnt > btr)
            rcnt = btr; /* Clip it by btr if needed */
#if _FS_TINY
        if(move_window(fs, fp->sect) != FR_OK)
            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);                        /* Move sector window */
        mem_cpy(rbuff, fs->win + fp->fptr % SS(fs), rcnt); /* Extract partial sector */
#else
        mem_cpy(rbuff, fp->buf + fp->fptr % SS(fs), rcnt); /* Extract partial sector */
#endif
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}

#if !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Write File                                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_write(
    FIL *fp,          /* Pointer to the file object */
    const void *buff, /* Pointer to the data to be written */
    UINT btw,         /* Number of bytes to write */
    UINT *bw          /* Pointer to number of bytes written */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD clst, sect;
    UINT wcnt, cc, csect;
    const BYTE *wbuff = (const BYTE *)buff;

    *bw = 0;                       /* Clear write byte counter */
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */
    if(res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK)
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res); /* Check validity */
    if(!(fp->flag & FA_WRITE))
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check access mode */

    /* Check fptr wrap-around (file size cannot reach 4GiB on FATxx) */
    if((!_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) && (DWORD)(fp->fptr + btw) < (DWORD)fp->fptr)
    {
        btw = (UINT)(0xFFFFFFFF - (DWORD)fp->fptr);
    }

    for(; btw; /* Repeat until all data written */
        wbuff += wcnt, fp->fptr += wcnt, fp->obj.objsize = (fp->fptr > fp->obj.objsize) ? fp->fptr : fp->obj.objsize, *bw += wcnt, btw -= wcnt)
    {
        if(fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0)
        {                                                        /* On the sector boundary? */
            csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs)) & (fs->csize - 1); /* Sector offset in the cluster */
            if(csect == 0)
            { /* On the cluster boundary? */
                if(fp->fptr == 0)
                {                          /* On the top of the file? */
                    clst = fp->obj.sclust; /* Follow from the origin */
                    if(clst == 0)
                    {                                     /* If no cluster is allocated, */
                        clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, 0); /* create a new cluster chain */
                    }
                } else
                { /* On the middle or end of the file */
#if _USE_FASTSEEK
                    if(fp->cltbl)
                    {
                        clst = clmt_clust(fp, fp->fptr); /* Get cluster# from the CLMT */
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, fp->clust); /* Follow or stretch cluster chain on the FAT */
                    }
                }
                if(clst == 0)
                    break; /* Could not allocate a new cluster (disk full) */
                if(clst == 1)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                if(clst == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->clust = clst; /* Update current cluster */
                if(fp->obj.sclust == 0)
                    fp->obj.sclust = clst; /* Set start cluster if the first write */
            }
#if _FS_TINY
            if(fs->winsect == fp->sect && sync_window(fs) != FR_OK)
                ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Write-back sector cache */
#else
            if(fp->flag & FA_DIRTY)
            { /* Write-back sector cache */
                if(disk_write(fs->drv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
#endif
            sect = clust2sect(fs, fp->clust); /* Get current sector */
            if(!sect)
                ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
            sect += csect;
            cc = btw / SS(fs); /* When remaining bytes >= sector size, */
            if(cc)
            { /* Write maximum contiguous sectors directly */
                if(csect + cc > fs->csize)
                { /* Clip at cluster boundary */
                    cc = fs->csize - csect;
                }
                if(disk_write(fs->drv, wbuff, sect, cc) != RES_OK)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
#if _FS_MINIMIZE <= 2
#if _FS_TINY
                if(fs->winsect - sect < cc)
                { /* Refill sector cache if it gets invalidated by the direct write */
                    mem_cpy(fs->win, wbuff + ((fs->winsect - sect) * SS(fs)), SS(fs));
                    fs->wflag = 0;
                }
#else
                if(fp->sect - sect < cc)
                { /* Refill sector cache if it gets invalidated by the direct write */
                    mem_cpy(fp->buf, wbuff + ((fp->sect - sect) * SS(fs)), SS(fs));
                    fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                }
#endif
#endif
                wcnt = SS(fs) * cc; /* Number of bytes transferred */
                continue;
            }
#if _FS_TINY
            if(fp->fptr >= fp->obj.objsize)
            { /* Avoid silly cache filling on the growing edge */
                if(sync_window(fs) != FR_OK)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fs->winsect = sect;
            }
#else
            if(fp->sect != sect && /* Fill sector cache with file data */
               fp->fptr < fp->obj.objsize &&
               disk_read(fs->drv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK)
            {
                ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
            }
#endif
            fp->sect = sect;
        }
        wcnt = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs); /* Number of bytes left in the sector */
        if(wcnt > btw)
            wcnt = btw; /* Clip it by btw if needed */
#if _FS_TINY
        if(move_window(fs, fp->sect) != FR_OK)
            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);                        /* Move sector window */
        mem_cpy(fs->win + fp->fptr % SS(fs), wbuff, wcnt); /* Fit data to the sector */
        fs->wflag = 1;
#else
        mem_cpy(fp->buf + fp->fptr % SS(fs), wbuff, wcnt); /* Fit data to the sector */
        fp->flag |= FA_DIRTY;
#endif
    }

    fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED; /* Set file change flag */

    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Synchronize the File                                                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_sync(
    FIL *fp /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD tm;
    BYTE *dir;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */
    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
        if(fp->flag & FA_MODIFIED)
        { /* Is there any change to the file? */
#if !_FS_TINY
            if(fp->flag & FA_DIRTY)
            { /* Write-back cached data if needed */
                if(disk_write(fs->drv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK)
                    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
#endif
            /* Update the directory entry */
            tm = GET_FATTIME(); /* Modified time */
#if _FS_EXFAT
            if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
            {
                res = fill_fat_chain(&fp->obj); /* Create FAT chain if needed */
                if(res == FR_OK)
                {
                    DIR dj;

                    INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
                    res = load_obj_dir(&dj, &fp->obj); /* Load directory entry block */
                    if(res == FR_OK)
                    {
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC;              /* Set archive bit */
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = fp->obj.stat | 1; /* Update file allocation info */
                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus, fp->obj.sclust);
                        st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, fp->obj.objsize);
                        st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, fp->obj.objsize);
                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, tm); /* Update modified time */
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_ModTime10] = 0;
                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_AccTime, 0);
                        res = store_xdir(&dj); /* Restore it to the directory */
                        if(res == FR_OK)
                        {
                            res = sync_fs(fs);
                            fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_MODIFIED;
                        }
                    }
                    FREE_NAMBUF();
                }
            } else
#endif
            {
                res = move_window(fs, fp->dir_sect);
                if(res == FR_OK)
                {
                    dir = fp->dir_ptr;
                    dir[DIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC;                              /* Set archive bit */
                    st_clust(fp->obj.fs, dir, fp->obj.sclust);            /* Update file allocation info  */
                    st_dword(dir + DIR_FileSize, (DWORD)fp->obj.objsize); /* Update file size */
                    st_dword(dir + DIR_ModTime, tm);                      /* Update modified time */
                    st_word(dir + DIR_LstAccDate, 0);
                    fs->wflag = 1;
                    res = sync_fs(fs); /* Restore it to the directory */
                    fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_MODIFIED;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* !_FS_READONLY */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Close File                                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_close(
    FIL *fp /* Pointer to the file object to be closed */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;

#if !_FS_READONLY
    res = f_sync(fp); /* Flush cached data */
    if(res == FR_OK)
#endif
    {
        res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Lock volume */
        if(res == FR_OK)
        {
#if _FS_LOCK != 0
            res = dec_lock(fp->obj.lockid); /* Decrement file open counter */
            if(res == FR_OK)
#endif
            {
                fp->obj.fs = 0; /* Invalidate file object */
            }
#if _FS_REENTRANT
            unlock_fs(fs, FR_OK); /* Unlock volume */
#endif
        }
    }
    return res;
}

#if _FS_RPATH >= 1
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Change Current Directory or Current Drive, Get Current Directory      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#if _VOLUMES >= 2
FRESULT f_chdrive(
    const TCHAR *path /* Drive number */
)
{
    int vol;

    /* Get logical drive number */
    vol = get_ldnumber(&path);
    if(vol < 0)
        return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;

    CurrVol = (BYTE)vol; /* Set it as current volume */

    return FR_OK;
}
#endif

FRESULT f_chdir(
    const TCHAR *path /* Pointer to the directory path */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = find_volume(&path, &fs, 0);
    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path); /* Follow the path */
        if(res == FR_OK)
        { /* Follow completed */
            if(dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME)
            {
                fs->cdir = dj.obj.sclust; /* It is the start directory itself */
#if _FS_EXFAT
                if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
                {
                    fs->cdc_scl = dj.obj.c_scl;
                    fs->cdc_size = dj.obj.c_size;
                    fs->cdc_ofs = dj.obj.c_ofs;
                }
#endif
            } else
            {
                if(dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR)
                { /* It is a sub-directory */
#if _FS_EXFAT
                    if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
                    {
                        fs->cdir = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus); /* Sub-directory cluster */
                        fs->cdc_scl = dj.obj.sclust;                    /* Save containing directory information */
                        fs->cdc_size = ((DWORD)dj.obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dj.obj.stat;
                        fs->cdc_ofs = dj.blk_ofs;
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        fs->cdir = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir); /* Sub-directory cluster */
                    }
                } else
                {
                    res = FR_NO_PATH; /* Reached but a file */
                }
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
        if(res == FR_NO_FILE)
            res = FR_NO_PATH;
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#if _FS_RPATH >= 2
FRESULT f_getcwd(
    TCHAR *buff, /* Pointer to the directory path */
    UINT len     /* Size of path */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    UINT i, n;
    DWORD ccl;
    TCHAR *tp;
    FILINFO fno;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    *buff = 0;
    /* Get logical drive */
    res = find_volume((const TCHAR **)&buff, &fs, 0); /* Get current volume */
    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        i = len; /* Bottom of buffer (directory stack base) */
        if(!_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT)
        {                             /* (Cannot do getcwd on exFAT and returns root path) */
            dj.obj.sclust = fs->cdir; /* Start to follow upper directory from current directory */
            while((ccl = dj.obj.sclust) != 0)
            {                                   /* Repeat while current directory is a sub-directory */
                res = dir_sdi(&dj, 1 * SZDIRE); /* Get parent directory */
                if(res != FR_OK)
                    break;
                res = move_window(fs, dj.sect);
                if(res != FR_OK)
                    break;
                dj.obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir); /* Goto parent directory */
                res = dir_sdi(&dj, 0);
                if(res != FR_OK)
                    break;
                do
                { /* Find the entry links to the child directory */
                    res = dir_read(&dj, 0);
                    if(res != FR_OK)
                        break;
                    if(ccl == ld_clust(fs, dj.dir))
                        break; /* Found the entry */
                    res = dir_next(&dj, 0);
                } while(res == FR_OK);
                if(res == FR_NO_FILE)
                    res = FR_INT_ERR; /* It cannot be 'not found'. */
                if(res != FR_OK)
                    break;
                get_fileinfo(&dj, &fno); /* Get the directory name and push it to the buffer */
                for(n = 0; fno.fname[n]; n++)
                    ;
                if(i < n + 3)
                {
                    res = FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;
                    break;
                }
                while(n)
                    buff[--i] = fno.fname[--n];
                buff[--i] = '/';
            }
        }
        tp = buff;
        if(res == FR_OK)
        {
#if _VOLUMES >= 2
            *tp++ = '0' + CurrVol; /* Put drive number */
            *tp++ = ':';
#endif
            if(i == len)
            { /* Root-directory */
                *tp++ = '/';
            } else
            {      /* Sub-directroy */
                do /* Add stacked path str */
                    *tp++ = buff[i++];
                while(i < len);
            }
        }
        *tp = 0;
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* _FS_RPATH >= 2 */
#endif /* _FS_RPATH >= 1 */

#if _FS_MINIMIZE <= 2
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Seek File R/W Pointer                                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_lseek(
    FIL *fp,    /* Pointer to the file object */
    FSIZE_t ofs /* File pointer from top of file */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD clst, bcs, nsect;
    FSIZE_t ifptr;
#if _USE_FASTSEEK
    DWORD cl, pcl, ncl, tcl, dsc, tlen, ulen, *tbl;
#endif

    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */
    if(res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK)
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res); /* Check validity */
#if _USE_FASTSEEK
    if(fp->cltbl)
    { /* Fast seek */
        if(ofs == CREATE_LINKMAP)
        { /* Create CLMT */
            tbl = fp->cltbl;
            tlen = *tbl++;
            ulen = 2;            /* Given table size and required table size */
            cl = fp->obj.sclust; /* Origin of the chain */
            if(cl)
            {
                do
                {
                    /* Get a fragment */
                    tcl = cl;
                    ncl = 0;
                    ulen += 2; /* Top, length and used items */
                    do
                    {
                        pcl = cl;
                        ncl++;
                        cl = get_fat(&fp->obj, cl);
                        if(cl <= 1)
                            ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                        if(cl == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    } while(cl == pcl + 1);
                    if(ulen <= tlen)
                    { /* Store the length and top of the fragment */
                        *tbl++ = ncl;
                        *tbl++ = tcl;
                    }
                } while(cl < fs->n_fatent); /* Repeat until end of chain */
            }
            *fp->cltbl = ulen; /* Number of items used */
            if(ulen <= tlen)
            {
                *tbl = 0; /* Terminate table */
            } else
            {
                res = FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE; /* Given table size is smaller than required */
            }
        } else
        { /* Fast seek */
            if(ofs > fp->obj.objsize)
                ofs = fp->obj.objsize; /* Clip offset at the file size */
            fp->fptr = ofs;            /* Set file pointer */
            if(ofs)
            {
                fp->clust = clmt_clust(fp, ofs - 1);
                dsc = clust2sect(fs, fp->clust);
                if(!dsc)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                dsc += (DWORD)((ofs - 1) / SS(fs)) & (fs->csize - 1);
                if(fp->fptr % SS(fs) && dsc != fp->sect)
                { /* Refill sector cache if needed */
#if !_FS_TINY
#if !_FS_READONLY
                    if(fp->flag & FA_DIRTY)
                    { /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                        if(disk_write(fs->drv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK)
                            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                        fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                    }
#endif
                    if(disk_read(fs->drv, fp->buf, dsc, 1) != RES_OK)
                        ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Load current sector */
#endif
                    fp->sect = dsc;
                }
            }
        }
    } else
#endif

    /* Normal Seek */
    {
#if _FS_EXFAT
        if(fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT && ofs >= 0x100000000)
            ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Clip at 4GiB-1 if at FATxx */
#endif
        if(ofs > fp->obj.objsize && (_FS_READONLY || !(fp->flag & FA_WRITE)))
        { /* In read-only mode, clip offset with the file size */
            ofs = fp->obj.objsize;
        }
        ifptr = fp->fptr;
        fp->fptr = nsect = 0;
        if(ofs)
        {
            bcs = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs); /* Cluster size (byte) */
            if(ifptr > 0 &&
               (ofs - 1) / bcs >= (ifptr - 1) / bcs)
            {                                                 /* When seek to same or following cluster, */
                fp->fptr = (ifptr - 1) & ~(FSIZE_t)(bcs - 1); /* start from the current cluster */
                ofs -= fp->fptr;
                clst = fp->clust;
            } else
            {                          /* When seek to back cluster, */
                clst = fp->obj.sclust; /* start from the first cluster */
#if !_FS_READONLY
                if(clst == 0)
                { /* If no cluster chain, create a new chain */
                    clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, 0);
                    if(clst == 1)
                        ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                    if(clst == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                        ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    fp->obj.sclust = clst;
                }
#endif
                fp->clust = clst;
            }
            if(clst != 0)
            {
                while(ofs > bcs)
                { /* Cluster following loop */
                    ofs -= bcs;
                    fp->fptr += bcs;
#if !_FS_READONLY
                    if(fp->flag & FA_WRITE)
                    { /* Check if in write mode or not */
                        if(_FS_EXFAT && fp->fptr > fp->obj.objsize)
                        { /* No FAT chain object needs correct objsize to generate FAT value */
                            fp->obj.objsize = fp->fptr;
                            fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
                        }
                        clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, clst); /* Follow chain with forceed stretch */
                        if(clst == 0)
                        { /* Clip file size in case of disk full */
                            ofs = 0;
                            break;
                        }
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, clst); /* Follow cluster chain if not in write mode */
                    }
                    if(clst == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                        ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    if(clst <= 1 || clst >= fs->n_fatent)
                        ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                    fp->clust = clst;
                }
                fp->fptr += ofs;
                if(ofs % SS(fs))
                {
                    nsect = clust2sect(fs, clst); /* Current sector */
                    if(!nsect)
                        ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                    nsect += (DWORD)(ofs / SS(fs));
                }
            }
        }
        if(!_FS_READONLY && fp->fptr > fp->obj.objsize)
        { /* Set file change flag if the file size is extended */
            fp->obj.objsize = fp->fptr;
            fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
        }
        if(fp->fptr % SS(fs) && nsect != fp->sect)
        { /* Fill sector cache if needed */
#if !_FS_TINY
#if !_FS_READONLY
            if(fp->flag & FA_DIRTY)
            { /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                if(disk_write(fs->drv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
#endif
            if(disk_read(fs->drv, fp->buf, nsect, 1) != RES_OK)
                ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Fill sector cache */
#endif
            fp->sect = nsect;
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#if _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create a Directory Object                                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_opendir(
    DIR *dp,          /* Pointer to directory object to create */
    const TCHAR *path /* Pointer to the directory path */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    _FDID *obj;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    if(!dp)
        return FR_INVALID_OBJECT;

    /* Get logical drive */
    obj = &dp->obj;
    res = find_volume(&path, &fs, 0);
    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
        obj->fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(dp, path); /* Follow the path to the directory */
        if(res == FR_OK)
        { /* Follow completed */
            if(!(dp->fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME))
            { /* It is not the origin directory itself */
                if(obj->attr & AM_DIR)
                { /* This object is a sub-directory */
#if _FS_EXFAT
                    if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
                    {
                        obj->c_scl = obj->sclust; /* Save containing directory inforamation */
                        obj->c_size = ((DWORD)obj->objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | obj->stat;
                        obj->c_ofs = dp->blk_ofs;
                        obj->sclust = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus); /* Get object location and status */
                        obj->objsize = ld_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize);
                        obj->stat = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] & 2;
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        obj->sclust = ld_clust(fs, dp->dir); /* Get object location */
                    }
                } else
                { /* This object is a file */
                    res = FR_NO_PATH;
                }
            }
            if(res == FR_OK)
            {
                obj->id = fs->id;
                res = dir_sdi(dp, 0); /* Rewind directory */
#if _FS_LOCK != 0
                if(res == FR_OK)
                {
                    if(obj->sclust)
                    {
                        obj->lockid = inc_lock(dp, 0); /* Lock the sub directory */
                        if(!obj->lockid)
                            res = FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES;
                    } else
                    {
                        obj->lockid = 0; /* Root directory need not to be locked */
                    }
                }
#endif
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
        if(res == FR_NO_FILE)
            res = FR_NO_PATH;
    }
    if(res != FR_OK)
        obj->fs = 0; /* Invalidate the directory object if function faild */

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Close Directory                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_closedir(
    DIR *dp /* Pointer to the directory object to be closed */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;

    res = validate(&dp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */
    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
#if _FS_LOCK != 0
        if(dp->obj.lockid)
        { /* Decrement sub-directory open counter */
            res = dec_lock(dp->obj.lockid);
        }
        if(res == FR_OK)
#endif
        {
            dp->obj.fs = 0; /* Invalidate directory object */
        }
#if _FS_REENTRANT
        unlock_fs(fs, FR_OK); /* Unlock volume */
#endif
    }
    return res;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read Directory Entries in Sequence                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_readdir(
    DIR *dp,     /* Pointer to the open directory object */
    FILINFO *fno /* Pointer to file information to return */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    res = validate(&dp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the directory object */
    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
        if(!fno)
        {
            res = dir_sdi(dp, 0); /* Rewind the directory object */
        } else
        {
            INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
            res = dir_read(dp, 0); /* Read an item */
            if(res == FR_NO_FILE)
                res = FR_OK; /* Ignore end of directory */
            if(res == FR_OK)
            {                          /* A valid entry is found */
                get_fileinfo(dp, fno); /* Get the object information */
                res = dir_next(dp, 0); /* Increment index for next */
                if(res == FR_NO_FILE)
                    res = FR_OK; /* Ignore end of directory now */
            }
            FREE_NAMBUF();
        }
    }
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#if _USE_FIND
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Find Next File                                                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_findnext(
    DIR *dp,     /* Pointer to the open directory object */
    FILINFO *fno /* Pointer to the file information structure */
)
{
    FRESULT res;

    for(;;)
    {
        res = f_readdir(dp, fno); /* Get a directory item */
        if(res != FR_OK || !fno || !fno->fname[0])
            break; /* Terminate if any error or end of directory */
        if(pattern_matching(dp->pat, fno->fname, 0, 0))
            break; /* Test for the file name */
#if _USE_LFN != 0 && _USE_FIND == 2
        if(pattern_matching(dp->pat, fno->altname, 0, 0))
            break; /* Test for alternative name if exist */
#endif
    }
    return res;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Find First File                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_findfirst(
    DIR *dp,             /* Pointer to the blank directory object */
    FILINFO *fno,        /* Pointer to the file information structure */
    const TCHAR *path,   /* Pointer to the directory to open */
    const TCHAR *pattern /* Pointer to the matching pattern */
)
{
    FRESULT res;

    dp->pat = pattern;         /* Save pointer to pattern string */
    res = f_opendir(dp, path); /* Open the target directory */
    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
        res = f_findnext(dp, fno); /* Find the first item */
    }
    return res;
}

#endif /* _USE_FIND */

#if _FS_MINIMIZE == 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get File Status                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_stat(
    const TCHAR *path, /* Pointer to the file path */
    FILINFO *fno       /* Pointer to file information to return */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = find_volume(&path, &dj.obj.fs, 0);
    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
        INIT_NAMBUF(dj.obj.fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path); /* Follow the file path */
        if(res == FR_OK)
        { /* Follow completed */
            if(dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME)
            { /* It is origin directory */
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
            } else
            { /* Found an object */
                if(fno)
                    get_fileinfo(&dj, fno);
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(dj.obj.fs, res);
}

#if !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get Number of Free Clusters                                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_getfree(
    const TCHAR *path, /* Path name of the logical drive number */
    DWORD *nclst,      /* Pointer to a variable to return number of free clusters */
    FATFS **fatfs      /* Pointer to return pointer to corresponding file system object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD nfree, clst, sect, stat;
    UINT i;
    BYTE *p;
    _FDID obj;

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = find_volume(&path, &fs, 0);
    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
        *fatfs = fs; /* Return ptr to the fs object */
        /* If free_clst is valid, return it without full cluster scan */
        if(fs->free_clst <= fs->n_fatent - 2)
        {
            *nclst = fs->free_clst;
        } else
        {
            /* Get number of free clusters */
            nfree = 0;
            if(fs->fs_type == FS_FAT12)
            { /* FAT12: Sector unalighed FAT entries */
                clst = 2;
                obj.fs = fs;
                do
                {
                    stat = get_fat(&obj, clst);
                    if(stat == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                    {
                        res = FR_DISK_ERR;
                        break;
                    }
                    if(stat == 1)
                    {
                        res = FR_INT_ERR;
                        break;
                    }
                    if(stat == 0)
                        nfree++;
                } while(++clst < fs->n_fatent);
            } else
            {
#if _FS_EXFAT
                if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
                { /* exFAT: Scan bitmap table */
                    BYTE bm;
                    UINT b;

                    clst = fs->n_fatent - 2;
                    sect = fs->database;
                    i = 0;
                    do
                    {
                        if(i == 0 && (res = move_window(fs, sect++)) != FR_OK)
                            break;
                        for(b = 8, bm = fs->win[i]; b && clst; b--, clst--)
                        {
                            if(!(bm & 1))
                                nfree++;
                            bm >>= 1;
                        }
                        i = (i + 1) % SS(fs);
                    } while(clst);
                } else
#endif
                { /* FAT16/32: Sector alighed FAT entries */
                    clst = fs->n_fatent;
                    sect = fs->fatbase;
                    i = 0;
                    p = 0;
                    do
                    {
                        if(i == 0)
                        {
                            res = move_window(fs, sect++);
                            if(res != FR_OK)
                                break;
                            p = fs->win;
                            i = SS(fs);
                        }
                        if(fs->fs_type == FS_FAT16)
                        {
                            if(ld_word(p) == 0)
                                nfree++;
                            p += 2;
                            i -= 2;
                        } else
                        {
                            if((ld_dword(p) & 0x0FFFFFFF) == 0)
                                nfree++;
                            p += 4;
                            i -= 4;
                        }
                    } while(--clst);
                }
            }
            *nclst = nfree;        /* Return the free clusters */
            fs->free_clst = nfree; /* Now free_clst is valid */
            fs->fsi_flag |= 1;     /* FSInfo is to be updated */
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Truncate File                                                         */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_truncate(
    FIL *fp /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD ncl;

    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */
    if(res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK)
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    if(!(fp->flag & FA_WRITE))
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check access mode */

    if(fp->obj.objsize > fp->fptr)
    {
        if(fp->fptr == 0)
        { /* When set file size to zero, remove entire cluster chain */
            res = remove_chain(&fp->obj, fp->obj.sclust, 0);
            fp->obj.sclust = 0;
        } else
        { /* When truncate a part of the file, remove remaining clusters */
            ncl = get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust);
            res = FR_OK;
            if(ncl == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                res = FR_DISK_ERR;
            if(ncl == 1)
                res = FR_INT_ERR;
            if(res == FR_OK && ncl < fs->n_fatent)
            {
                res = remove_chain(&fp->obj, ncl, fp->clust);
            }
        }
        fp->obj.objsize = fp->fptr; /* Set file size to current R/W point */
        fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
#if !_FS_TINY
        if(res == FR_OK && (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY))
        {
            if(disk_write(fs->drv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK)
            {
                res = FR_DISK_ERR;
            } else
            {
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
        }
#endif
        if(res != FR_OK)
            ABORT(fs, res);
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Delete a File/Directory                                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_unlink(
    const TCHAR *path /* Pointer to the file or directory path */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj, sdj;
    DWORD dclst = 0;
    FATFS *fs;
#if _FS_EXFAT
    _FDID obj;
#endif
    DEF_NAMBUF

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = find_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE);
    dj.obj.fs = fs;
    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path); /* Follow the file path */
        if(_FS_RPATH && res == FR_OK && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_DOT))
        {
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Cannot remove dot entry */
        }
#if _FS_LOCK != 0
        if(res == FR_OK)
            res = chk_lock(&dj, 2); /* Check if it is an open object */
#endif
        if(res == FR_OK)
        { /* The object is accessible */
            if(dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME)
            {
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Cannot remove the origin directory */
            } else
            {
                if(dj.obj.attr & AM_RDO)
                {
                    res = FR_DENIED; /* Cannot remove R/O object */
                }
            }
            if(res == FR_OK)
            {
#if _FS_EXFAT
                obj.fs = fs;
                if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
                {
                    obj.sclust = dclst = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus);
                    obj.objsize = ld_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize);
                    obj.stat = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] & 2;
                } else
#endif
                {
                    dclst = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);
                }
                if(dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR)
                { /* Is it a sub-directory ? */
#if _FS_RPATH != 0
                    if(dclst == fs->cdir)
                    { /* Is it the current directory? */
                        res = FR_DENIED;
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        sdj.obj.fs = fs; /* Open the sub-directory */
                        sdj.obj.sclust = dclst;
#if _FS_EXFAT
                        if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
                        {
                            sdj.obj.objsize = obj.objsize;
                            sdj.obj.stat = obj.stat;
                        }
#endif
                        res = dir_sdi(&sdj, 0);
                        if(res == FR_OK)
                        {
                            res = dir_read(&sdj, 0); /* Read an item */
                            if(res == FR_OK)
                                res = FR_DENIED; /* Not empty? */
                            if(res == FR_NO_FILE)
                                res = FR_OK; /* Empty? */
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            if(res == FR_OK)
            {
                res = dir_remove(&dj); /* Remove the directory entry */
                if(res == FR_OK && dclst)
                { /* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
#if _FS_EXFAT
                    res = remove_chain(&obj, dclst, 0);
#else
                    res = remove_chain(&dj.obj, dclst, 0);
#endif
                }
                if(res == FR_OK)
                    res = sync_fs(fs);
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create a Directory                                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_mkdir(
    const TCHAR *path /* Pointer to the directory path */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    BYTE *dir;
    UINT n;
    DWORD dsc, dcl, pcl, tm;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = find_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE);
    dj.obj.fs = fs;
    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path); /* Follow the file path */
        if(res == FR_OK)
            res = FR_EXIST; /* Any object with same name is already existing */
        if(_FS_RPATH && res == FR_NO_FILE && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_DOT))
        {
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
        }
        if(res == FR_NO_FILE)
        {                                   /* Can create a new directory */
            dcl = create_chain(&dj.obj, 0); /* Allocate a cluster for the new directory table */
            dj.obj.objsize = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);
            res = FR_OK;
            if(dcl == 0)
                res = FR_DENIED; /* No space to allocate a new cluster */
            if(dcl == 1)
                res = FR_INT_ERR;
            if(dcl == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                res = FR_DISK_ERR;
            if(res == FR_OK)
                res = sync_window(fs); /* Flush FAT */
            tm = GET_FATTIME();
            if(res == FR_OK)
            { /* Initialize the new directory table */
                dsc = clust2sect(fs, dcl);
                dir = fs->win;
                mem_set(dir, 0, SS(fs));
                if(!_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT)
                {
                    mem_set(dir + DIR_Name, ' ', 11); /* Create "." entry */
                    dir[DIR_Name] = '.';
                    dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_DIR;
                    st_dword(dir + DIR_ModTime, tm);
                    st_clust(fs, dir, dcl);
                    mem_cpy(dir + SZDIRE, dir, SZDIRE); /* Create ".." entry */
                    dir[SZDIRE + 1] = '.';
                    pcl = dj.obj.sclust;
                    if(fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32 && pcl == fs->dirbase)
                        pcl = 0;
                    st_clust(fs, dir + SZDIRE, pcl);
                }
                for(n = fs->csize; n; n--)
                { /* Write dot entries and clear following sectors */
                    fs->winsect = dsc++;
                    fs->wflag = 1;
                    res = sync_window(fs);
                    if(res != FR_OK)
                        break;
                    mem_set(dir, 0, SS(fs));
                }
            }
            if(res == FR_OK)
                res = dir_register(&dj); /* Register the object to the directoy */
            if(res == FR_OK)
            {
#if _FS_EXFAT
                if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
                {                                                                /* Initialize directory entry block */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, tm);                     /* Created time */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus, dcl);                    /* Table start cluster */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, (DWORD)dj.obj.objsize); /* File size needs to be valid */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, (DWORD)dj.obj.objsize);
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = 3;  /* Initialize the object flag (contiguous) */
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] = AM_DIR; /* Attribute */
                    res = store_xdir(&dj);
                } else
#endif
                {
                    dir = dj.dir;
                    st_dword(dir + DIR_ModTime, tm); /* Created time */
                    st_clust(fs, dir, dcl);          /* Table start cluster */
                    dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_DIR;          /* Attribute */
                    fs->wflag = 1;
                }
                if(res == FR_OK)
                    res = sync_fs(fs);
            } else
            {
                remove_chain(&dj.obj, dcl, 0); /* Could not register, remove cluster chain */
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Rename a File/Directory                                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_rename(
    const TCHAR *path_old, /* Pointer to the object name to be renamed */
    const TCHAR *path_new  /* Pointer to the new name */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR djo, djn;
    FATFS *fs;
    BYTE buf[_FS_EXFAT ? SZDIRE * 2 : 24], *dir;
    DWORD dw;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    get_ldnumber(&path_new);                     /* Ignore drive number of new name */
    res = find_volume(&path_old, &fs, FA_WRITE); /* Get logical drive of the old object */
    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
        djo.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&djo, path_old); /* Check old object */
        if(res == FR_OK && (djo.fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME)))
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Check validity of name */
#if _FS_LOCK != 0
        if(res == FR_OK)
            res = chk_lock(&djo, 2);
#endif
        if(res == FR_OK)
        { /* Object to be renamed is found */
#if _FS_EXFAT
            if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
            { /* At exFAT */
                BYTE nf, nn;
                WORD nh;

                mem_cpy(buf, fs->dirbuf, SZDIRE * 2); /* Save 85+C0 entry of old object */
                mem_cpy(&djn, &djo, sizeof djo);
                res = follow_path(&djn, path_new); /* Make sure if new object name is not in use */
                if(res == FR_OK)
                { /* Is new name already in use by any other object? */
                    res = (djn.obj.sclust == djo.obj.sclust && djn.dptr == djo.dptr) ? FR_NO_FILE : FR_EXIST;
                }
                if(res == FR_NO_FILE)
                {                             /* It is a valid path and no name collision */
                    res = dir_register(&djn); /* Register the new entry */
                    if(res == FR_OK)
                    {
                        nf = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumSec];
                        nn = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName];
                        nh = ld_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_NameHash);
                        mem_cpy(fs->dirbuf, buf, SZDIRE * 2);
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumSec] = nf;
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName] = nn;
                        st_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_NameHash, nh);
                        /* Start of critical section where any interruption can cause a cross-link */
                        res = store_xdir(&djn);
                    }
                }
            } else
#endif
            {                                         /* At FAT12/FAT16/FAT32 */
                mem_cpy(buf, djo.dir + DIR_Attr, 21); /* Save information about the object except name */
                mem_cpy(&djn, &djo, sizeof(DIR));     /* Duplicate the directory object */
                res = follow_path(&djn, path_new);    /* Make sure if new object name is not in use */
                if(res == FR_OK)
                { /* Is new name already in use by any other object? */
                    res = (djn.obj.sclust == djo.obj.sclust && djn.dptr == djo.dptr) ? FR_NO_FILE : FR_EXIST;
                }
                if(res == FR_NO_FILE)
                {                             /* It is a valid path and no name collision */
                    res = dir_register(&djn); /* Register the new entry */
                    if(res == FR_OK)
                    {
                        dir = djn.dir; /* Copy information about object except name */
                        mem_cpy(dir + 13, buf + 2, 19);
                        dir[DIR_Attr] = buf[0] | AM_ARC;
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                        if((dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR) && djo.obj.sclust != djn.obj.sclust)
                        { /* Update .. entry in the sub-directory if needed */
                            dw = clust2sect(fs, ld_clust(fs, dir));
                            if(!dw)
                            {
                                res = FR_INT_ERR;
                            } else
                            {
                                /* Start of critical section where any interruption can cause a cross-link */
                                res = move_window(fs, dw);
                                dir = fs->win + SZDIRE * 1; /* Ptr to .. entry */
                                if(res == FR_OK && dir[1] == '.')
                                {
                                    st_clust(fs, dir, djn.obj.sclust);
                                    fs->wflag = 1;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            if(res == FR_OK)
            {
                res = dir_remove(&djo); /* Remove old entry */
                if(res == FR_OK)
                {
                    res = sync_fs(fs);
                }
            }
            /* End of critical section */
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* !_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* _FS_MINIMIZE == 0 */
#endif /* _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 */
#endif /* _FS_MINIMIZE <= 2 */

#if _USE_CHMOD && !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Change Attribute                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_chmod(
    const TCHAR *path, /* Pointer to the file path */
    BYTE attr,         /* Attribute bits */
    BYTE mask          /* Attribute mask to change */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    res = find_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE); /* Get logical drive */
    dj.obj.fs = fs;
    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path); /* Follow the file path */
        if(res == FR_OK && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME)))
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Check object validity */
        if(res == FR_OK)
        {
            mask &= AM_RDO | AM_HID | AM_SYS | AM_ARC; /* Valid attribute mask */
#if _FS_EXFAT
            if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
            {
                fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] = (attr & mask) | (fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] & (BYTE)~mask); /* Apply attribute change */
                res = store_xdir(&dj);
            } else
#endif
            {
                dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = (attr & mask) | (dj.dir[DIR_Attr] & (BYTE)~mask); /* Apply attribute change */
                fs->wflag = 1;
            }
            if(res == FR_OK)
                res = sync_fs(fs);
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Change Timestamp                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_utime(
    const TCHAR *path, /* Pointer to the file/directory name */
    const FILINFO *fno /* Pointer to the time stamp to be set */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    res = find_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE); /* Get logical drive */
    dj.obj.fs = fs;
    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path); /* Follow the file path */
        if(res == FR_OK && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME)))
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Check object validity */
        if(res == FR_OK)
        {
#if _FS_EXFAT
            if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
            {
                st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, (DWORD)fno->fdate << 16 | fno->ftime);
                res = store_xdir(&dj);
            } else
#endif
            {
                st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_ModTime, (DWORD)fno->fdate << 16 | fno->ftime);
                fs->wflag = 1;
            }
            if(res == FR_OK)
                res = sync_fs(fs);
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* _USE_CHMOD && !_FS_READONLY */

#if _USE_LABEL
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get Volume Label                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_getlabel(
    const TCHAR *path, /* Path name of the logical drive number */
    TCHAR *label,      /* Pointer to a buffer to return the volume label */
    DWORD *vsn         /* Pointer to a variable to return the volume serial number */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    UINT si, di;
#if _LFN_UNICODE || _FS_EXFAT
    WCHAR w;
#endif

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = find_volume(&path, &fs, 0);

    /* Get volume label */
    if(res == FR_OK && label)
    {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        dj.obj.sclust = 0; /* Open root directory */
        res = dir_sdi(&dj, 0);
        if(res == FR_OK)
        {
            res = dir_read(&dj, 1); /* Find a volume label entry */
            if(res == FR_OK)
            {
#if _FS_EXFAT
                if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
                {
                    for(si = di = 0; si < dj.dir[XDIR_NumLabel]; si++)
                    { /* Extract volume label from 83 entry */
                        w = ld_word(dj.dir + XDIR_Label + si * 2);
#if _LFN_UNICODE
                        label[di++] = w;
#else
                        w = ff_convert(w, 0); /* Unicode -> OEM */
                        if(w == 0)
                            w = '?'; /* Replace wrong character */
                        if(_DF1S && w >= 0x100)
                            label[di++] = (char)(w >> 8);
                        label[di++] = (char)w;
#endif
                    }
                    label[di] = 0;
                } else
#endif
                {
                    si = di = 0; /* Extract volume label from AM_VOL entry with code comversion */
                    do
                    {
#if _LFN_UNICODE
                        w = (si < 11) ? dj.dir[si++] : ' ';
                        if(IsDBCS1(w) && si < 11 && IsDBCS2(dj.dir[si]))
                        {
                            w = w << 8 | dj.dir[si++];
                        }
                        label[di++] = ff_convert(w, 1); /* OEM -> Unicode */
#else
                        label[di++] = dj.dir[si++];
#endif
                    } while(di < 11);
                    do
                    { /* Truncate trailing spaces */
                        label[di] = 0;
                        if(di == 0)
                            break;
                    } while(label[--di] == ' ');
                }
            }
        }
        if(res == FR_NO_FILE)
        { /* No label entry and return nul string */
            label[0] = 0;
            res = FR_OK;
        }
    }

    /* Get volume serial number */
    if(res == FR_OK && vsn)
    {
        res = move_window(fs, fs->volbase);
        if(res == FR_OK)
        {
            switch(fs->fs_type)
            {
                case FS_EXFAT:
                    di = BPB_VolIDEx;
                    break;
                case FS_FAT32:
                    di = BS_VolID32;
                    break;
                default:
                    di = BS_VolID;
            }
            *vsn = ld_dword(fs->win + di);
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#if !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Set Volume Label                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_setlabel(
    const TCHAR *label /* Pointer to the volume label to set */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    BYTE dirvn[22];
    UINT i, j, slen;
    WCHAR w;
    static const char badchr[] = "\"*+,.:;<=>\?[]|\x7F";

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = find_volume(&label, &fs, FA_WRITE);
    if(res != FR_OK)
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    dj.obj.fs = fs;

    /* Get length of given volume label */
    for(slen = 0; (UINT)label[slen] >= ' '; slen++)
        ; /* Get name length */

#if _FS_EXFAT
    if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
    { /* On the exFAT volume */
        for(i = j = 0; i < slen;)
        { /* Create volume label in directory form */
            w = label[i++];
#if !_LFN_UNICODE
            if(IsDBCS1(w))
            {
                w = (i < slen && IsDBCS2(label[i])) ? w << 8 | (BYTE)label[i++] : 0;
            }
            w = ff_convert(w, 1);
#endif
            if(w == 0 || chk_chr(badchr, w) || j == 22)
            { /* Check validity check validity of the volume label */
                LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_INVALID_NAME);
            }
            st_word(dirvn + j, w);
            j += 2;
        }
        slen = j;
    } else
#endif
    { /* On the FAT12/16/32 volume */
        for(; slen && label[slen - 1] == ' '; slen--)
            ; /* Remove trailing spaces */
        if(slen)
        { /* Is there a volume label to be set? */
            dirvn[0] = 0;
            i = j = 0; /* Create volume label in directory form */
            do
            {
#if _LFN_UNICODE
                w = ff_convert(ff_wtoupper(label[i++]), 0);
#else
                w = (BYTE)label[i++];
                if(IsDBCS1(w))
                {
                    w = (j < 10 && i < slen && IsDBCS2(label[i])) ? w << 8 | (BYTE)label[i++] : 0;
                }
#if _USE_LFN != 0
                w = ff_convert(ff_wtoupper(ff_convert(w, 1)), 0);
#else
                if(IsLower(w))
                    w -= 0x20; /* To upper ASCII characters */
#ifdef _EXCVT
                if(w >= 0x80)
                    w = ExCvt[w - 0x80]; /* To upper extended characters (SBCS cfg) */
#else
                if(!_DF1S && w >= 0x80)
                    w = 0; /* Reject extended characters (ASCII cfg) */
#endif
#endif
#endif
                if(w == 0 || chk_chr(badchr, w) || j >= (UINT)((w >= 0x100) ? 10 : 11))
                { /* Reject invalid characters for volume label */
                    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_INVALID_NAME);
                }
                if(w >= 0x100)
                    dirvn[j++] = (BYTE)(w >> 8);
                dirvn[j++] = (BYTE)w;
            } while(i < slen);
            while(j < 11)
                dirvn[j++] = ' '; /* Fill remaining name field */
            if(dirvn[0] == DDEM)
                LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_INVALID_NAME); /* Reject illegal name (heading DDEM) */
        }
    }

    /* Set volume label */
    dj.obj.sclust = 0; /* Open root directory */
    res = dir_sdi(&dj, 0);
    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
        res = dir_read(&dj, 1); /* Get volume label entry */
        if(res == FR_OK)
        {
            if(_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
            {
                dj.dir[XDIR_NumLabel] = (BYTE)(slen / 2); /* Change the volume label */
                mem_cpy(dj.dir + XDIR_Label, dirvn, slen);
            } else
            {
                if(slen)
                {
                    mem_cpy(dj.dir, dirvn, 11); /* Change the volume label */
                } else
                {
                    dj.dir[DIR_Name] = DDEM; /* Remove the volume label */
                }
            }
            fs->wflag = 1;
            res = sync_fs(fs);
        } else
        { /* No volume label entry is found or error */
            if(res == FR_NO_FILE)
            {
                res = FR_OK;
                if(slen)
                {                            /* Create a volume label entry */
                    res = dir_alloc(&dj, 1); /* Allocate an entry */
                    if(res == FR_OK)
                    {
                        mem_set(dj.dir, 0, SZDIRE); /* Clear the entry */
                        if(_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
                        {
                            dj.dir[XDIR_Type] = 0x83; /* Create 83 entry */
                            dj.dir[XDIR_NumLabel] = (BYTE)(slen / 2);
                            mem_cpy(dj.dir + XDIR_Label, dirvn, slen);
                        } else
                        {
                            dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_VOL; /* Create volume label entry */
                            mem_cpy(dj.dir, dirvn, 11);
                        }
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                        res = sync_fs(fs);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* !_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* _USE_LABEL */

#if _USE_EXPAND && !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Allocate a Contiguous Blocks to the File                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_expand(
    FIL *fp,     /* Pointer to the file object */
    FSIZE_t fsz, /* File size to be expanded to */
    BYTE opt     /* Operation mode 0:Find and prepare or 1:Find and allocate */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD n, clst, stcl, scl, ncl, tcl, lclst;

    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */
    if(res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK)
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    if(fsz == 0 || fp->obj.objsize != 0 || !(fp->flag & FA_WRITE))
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED);
#if _FS_EXFAT
    if(fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT && fsz >= 0x100000000)
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check if in size limit */
#endif
    n = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);                      /* Cluster size */
    tcl = (DWORD)(fsz / n) + ((fsz & (n - 1)) ? 1 : 0); /* Number of clusters required */
    stcl = fs->last_clst;
    lclst = 0;
    if(stcl < 2 || stcl >= fs->n_fatent)
        stcl = 2;

#if _FS_EXFAT
    if(fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT)
    {
        scl = find_bitmap(fs, stcl, tcl); /* Find a contiguous cluster block */
        if(scl == 0)
            res = FR_DENIED; /* No contiguous cluster block was found */
        if(scl == 0xFFFFFFFF)
            res = FR_DISK_ERR;
        if(res == FR_OK)
        {
            if(opt)
            {
                res = change_bitmap(fs, scl, tcl, 1); /* Mark the cluster block 'in use' */
                lclst = scl + tcl - 1;
            } else
            {
                lclst = scl - 1;
            }
        }
    } else
#endif
    {
        scl = clst = stcl;
        ncl = 0;
        for(;;)
        { /* Find a contiguous cluster block */
            n = get_fat(&fp->obj, clst);
            if(++clst >= fs->n_fatent)
                clst = 2;
            if(n == 1)
            {
                res = FR_INT_ERR;
                break;
            }
            if(n == 0xFFFFFFFF)
            {
                res = FR_DISK_ERR;
                break;
            }
            if(n == 0)
            { /* Is it a free cluster? */
                if(++ncl == tcl)
                    break; /* Break if a contiguous cluster block is found */
            } else
            {
                scl = clst;
                ncl = 0; /* Not a free cluster */
            }
            if(clst == stcl)
            {
                res = FR_DENIED;
                break;
            } /* No contiguous cluster? */
        }
        if(res == FR_OK)
        {
            if(opt)
            {
                for(clst = scl, n = tcl; n; clst++, n--)
                { /* Create a cluster chain on the FAT */
                    res = put_fat(fs, clst, (n == 1) ? 0xFFFFFFFF : clst + 1);
                    if(res != FR_OK)
                        break;
                    lclst = clst;
                }
            } else
            {
                lclst = scl - 1;
            }
        }
    }

    if(res == FR_OK)
    {
        fs->last_clst = lclst; /* Set suggested start cluster to start next */
        if(opt)
        {
            fp->obj.sclust = scl; /* Update object allocation information */
            fp->obj.objsize = fsz;
            if(_FS_EXFAT)
                fp->obj.stat = 2; /* Set status 'contiguous chain' */
            fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
            if(fs->free_clst < fs->n_fatent - 2)
            { /* Update FSINFO */
                fs->free_clst -= tcl;
                fs->fsi_flag |= 1;
            }
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* _USE_EXPAND && !_FS_READONLY */

#if _USE_FORWARD
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Forward data to the stream directly                                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_forward(
    FIL *fp,                          /* Pointer to the file object */
    UINT (*func)(const BYTE *, UINT), /* Pointer to the streaming function */
    UINT btf,                         /* Number of bytes to forward */
    UINT *bf                          /* Pointer to number of bytes forwarded */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD clst, sect;
    FSIZE_t remain;
    UINT rcnt, csect;
    BYTE *dbuf;

    *bf = 0;                       /* Clear transfer byte counter */
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */
    if(res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK)
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    if(!(fp->flag & FA_READ))
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check access mode */

    remain = fp->obj.objsize - fp->fptr;
    if(btf > remain)
        btf = (UINT)remain; /* Truncate btf by remaining bytes */

    for(; btf && (*func)(0, 0); /* Repeat until all data transferred or stream goes busy */
        fp->fptr += rcnt, *bf += rcnt, btf -= rcnt)
    {
        csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs) & (fs->csize - 1)); /* Sector offset in the cluster */
        if(fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0)
        { /* On the sector boundary? */
            if(csect == 0)
            {                            /* On the cluster boundary? */
                clst = (fp->fptr == 0) ? /* On the top of the file? */
                           fp->obj.sclust
                                       : get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust);
                if(clst <= 1)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                if(clst == 0xFFFFFFFF)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->clust = clst; /* Update current cluster */
            }
        }
        sect = clust2sect(fs, fp->clust); /* Get current data sector */
        if(!sect)
            ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
        sect += csect;
#if _FS_TINY
        if(move_window(fs, sect) != FR_OK)
            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Move sector window to the file data */
        dbuf = fs->win;
#else
        if(fp->sect != sect)
        { /* Fill sector cache with file data */
#if !_FS_READONLY
            if(fp->flag & FA_DIRTY)
            { /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                if(disk_write(fs->drv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK)
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
#endif
            if(disk_read(fs->drv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK)
                ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
        }
        dbuf = fp->buf;
#endif
        fp->sect = sect;
        rcnt = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs); /* Number of bytes left in the sector */
        if(rcnt > btf)
            rcnt = btf;                                         /* Clip it by btr if needed */
        rcnt = (*func)(dbuf + ((UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs)), rcnt); /* Forward the file data */
        if(!rcnt)
            ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}
#endif /* _USE_FORWARD */

#if _USE_MKFS && !_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create FAT file system on the logical drive                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_mkfs(
    const TCHAR *path, /* Logical drive number */
    BYTE opt,          /* Format option */
    DWORD au,          /* Size of allocation unit [byte] */
    void *work,        /* Pointer to working buffer */
    UINT len           /* Size of working buffer */
)
{
    const UINT n_fats = 1;                                 /* Number of FATs for FAT12/16/32 volume (1 or 2) */
    const UINT n_rootdir = 512;                            /* Number of root directory entries for FAT12/16 volume */
    static const WORD cst[] = {1, 4, 16, 64, 256, 512, 0}; /* Cluster size boundary for FAT12/16 volume (4Ks unit) */
    static const WORD cst32[] = {1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 0};   /* Cluster size boundary for FAT32 volume (128Ks unit) */
    BYTE fmt, sys, *buf, *pte, pdrv, part;
    WORD ss;
    DWORD szb_buf, sz_buf, sz_blk, n_clst, pau, sect, nsect, n;
    DWORD b_vol, b_fat, b_data;           /* Base LBA for volume, fat, data */
    DWORD sz_vol, sz_rsv, sz_fat, sz_dir; /* Size for volume, fat, dir, data */
    UINT i;
    int vol;
    DSTATUS stat;
#if _USE_TRIM || _FS_EXFAT
    DWORD tbl[3];
#endif

    /* Check mounted drive and clear work area */
    vol = get_ldnumber(&path); /* Get target logical drive */
    if(vol < 0)
        return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
    if(FatFs[vol])
        FatFs[vol]->fs_type = 0; /* Clear mounted volume */
    pdrv = LD2PD(vol);           /* Physical drive */
    part = LD2PT(vol);           /* Partition (0:create as new, 1-4:get from partition table) */

    /* Check physical drive status */
    stat = disk_initialize(pdrv);
    if(stat & STA_NOINIT)
        return FR_NOT_READY;
    if(stat & STA_PROTECT)
        return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
    if(disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_BLOCK_SIZE, &sz_blk) != RES_OK || !sz_blk || sz_blk > 32768 || (sz_blk & (sz_blk - 1)))
        sz_blk = 1;    /* Erase block to align data area */
#if _MAX_SS != _MIN_SS /* Get sector size of the medium */
    if(disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &ss) != RES_OK)
        return FR_DISK_ERR;
    if(ss > _MAX_SS || ss < _MIN_SS || (ss & (ss - 1)))
        return FR_DISK_ERR;
#else
    ss = _MAX_SS;
#endif
    if((au != 0 && au < ss) || au > 0x1000000 || (au & (au - 1)))
        return FR_INVALID_PARAMETER; /* Check if au is valid */
    au /= ss;                        /* Cluster size in unit of sector */

    /* Get working buffer */
    buf = (BYTE *)work;    /* Working buffer */
    sz_buf = len / ss;     /* Size of working buffer (sector) */
    szb_buf = sz_buf * ss; /* Size of working buffer (byte) */
    if(!szb_buf)
        return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;

    /* Determine where the volume to be located (b_vol, sz_vol) */
    if(_MULTI_PARTITION && part != 0)
    {
        /* Get partition information from partition table in the MBR */
        if(disk_read(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK)
            return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Load MBR */
        if(ld_word(buf + BS_55AA) != 0xAA55)
            return FR_MKFS_ABORTED; /* Check if MBR is valid */
        pte = buf + (MBR_Table + (part - 1) * SZ_PTE);
        if(!pte[PTE_System])
            return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;          /* No partition? */
        b_vol = ld_dword(pte + PTE_StLba);   /* Get volume start sector */
        sz_vol = ld_dword(pte + PTE_SizLba); /* Get volume size */
    } else
    {
        /* Create a single-partition in this function */
        if(disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_SECTOR_COUNT, &sz_vol) != RES_OK)
            return FR_DISK_ERR;
        b_vol = (opt & FM_SFD) ? 0 : 63; /* Volume start sector */
        if(sz_vol < b_vol)
            return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;
        sz_vol -= b_vol; /* Volume size */
    }
    if(sz_vol < 128)
        return FR_MKFS_ABORTED; /* Check if volume size is >=128s */

    /* Pre-determine the FAT type */
    do
    {
        if(_FS_EXFAT && (opt & FM_EXFAT))
        { /* exFAT possible? */
            if((opt & FM_ANY) == FM_EXFAT || sz_vol >= 0x4000000 || au > 128)
            { /* exFAT only, vol >= 64Ms or au > 128s ? */
                fmt = FS_EXFAT;
                break;
            }
        }
        if(au > 128)
            return FR_INVALID_PARAMETER; /* Too large au for FAT/FAT32 */
        if(opt & FM_FAT32)
        { /* FAT32 possible? */
            if((opt & FM_ANY) == FM_FAT32 || !(opt & FM_FAT))
            { /* FAT32 only or no-FAT? */
                fmt = FS_FAT32;
                break;
            }
        }
        if(!(opt & FM_FAT))
            return FR_INVALID_PARAMETER; /* no-FAT? */
        fmt = FS_FAT16;
    } while(0);

#if _FS_EXFAT
    if(fmt == FS_EXFAT)
    { /* Create an exFAT volume */
        DWORD szb_bit, szb_case, sum, nb, cl;
        WCHAR ch, si;
        UINT j, st;
        BYTE b;

        if(sz_vol < 0x1000)
            return FR_MKFS_ABORTED; /* Too small volume? */
#if _USE_TRIM
        tbl[0] = b_vol;
        tbl[1] = b_vol + sz_vol - 1; /* Inform the device the volume area can be erased */
        disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_TRIM, tbl);
#endif
        /* Determine FAT location, data location and number of clusters */
        if(!au)
        { /* au auto-selection */
            au = 8;
            if(sz_vol >= 0x80000)
                au = 64; /* >= 512Ks */
            if(sz_vol >= 0x4000000)
                au = 256; /* >= 64Ms */
        }
        b_fat = b_vol + 32;                                     /* FAT start at offset 32 */
        sz_fat = ((sz_vol / au + 2) * 4 + ss - 1) / ss;         /* Number of FAT sectors */
        b_data = (b_fat + sz_fat + sz_blk - 1) & ~(sz_blk - 1); /* Align data area to the erase block boundary */
        if(b_data >= sz_vol / 2)
            return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;                /* Too small volume? */
        n_clst = (sz_vol - (b_data - b_vol)) / au; /* Number of clusters */
        if(n_clst < 16)
            return FR_MKFS_ABORTED; /* Too few clusters? */
        if(n_clst > MAX_EXFAT)
            return FR_MKFS_ABORTED; /* Too many clusters? */

        szb_bit = (n_clst + 7) / 8;                   /* Size of allocation bitmap */
        tbl[0] = (szb_bit + au * ss - 1) / (au * ss); /* Number of allocation bitmap clusters */

        /* Create a compressed up-case table */
        sect = b_data + au * tbl[0]; /* Table start sector */
        sum = 0;                     /* Table checksum to be stored in the 82 entry */
        st = si = i = j = szb_case = 0;
        do
        {
            switch(st)
            {
                case 0:
                    ch = ff_wtoupper(si); /* Get an up-case char */
                    if(ch != si)
                    {
                        si++;
                        break; /* Store the up-case char if exist */
                    }
                    for(j = 1; (WCHAR)(si + j) && (WCHAR)(si + j) == ff_wtoupper((WCHAR)(si + j)); j++)
                        ; /* Get run length of no-case block */
                    if(j >= 128)
                    {
                        ch = 0xFFFF;
                        st = 2;
                        break; /* Compress the no-case block if run is >= 128 */
                    }
                    st = 1; /* Do not compress short run */
                            /* continue */
                case 1:
                    ch = si++; /* Fill the short run */
                    if(--j == 0)
                        st = 0;
                    break;
                default:
                    ch = (WCHAR)j;
                    si += j; /* Number of chars to skip */
                    st = 0;
            }
            sum = xsum32(buf[i + 0] = (BYTE)ch, sum); /* Put it into the write buffer */
            sum = xsum32(buf[i + 1] = (BYTE)(ch >> 8), sum);
            i += 2;
            szb_case += 2;
            if(!si || i == szb_buf)
            { /* Write buffered data when buffer full or end of process */
                n = (i + ss - 1) / ss;
                if(disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK)
                    return FR_DISK_ERR;
                sect += n;
                i = 0;
            }
        } while(si);
        tbl[1] = (szb_case + au * ss - 1) / (au * ss); /* Number of up-case table clusters */
        tbl[2] = 1;                                    /* Number of root dir clusters */

        /* Initialize the allocation bitmap */
        sect = b_data;
        nsect = (szb_bit + ss - 1) / ss; /* Start of bitmap and number of sectors */
        nb = tbl[0] + tbl[1] + tbl[2];   /* Number of clusters in-use by system */
        do
        {
            mem_set(buf, 0, szb_buf);
            for(i = 0; nb >= 8 && i < szb_buf; buf[i++] = 0xFF, nb -= 8)
                ;
            for(b = 1; nb && i < szb_buf; buf[i] |= b, b <<= 1, nb--)
                ;
            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect; /* Write the buffered data */
            if(disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK)
                return FR_DISK_ERR;
            sect += n;
            nsect -= n;
        } while(nsect);

        /* Initialize the FAT */
        sect = b_fat;
        nsect = sz_fat; /* Start of FAT and number of FAT sectors */
        j = nb = cl = 0;
        do
        {
            mem_set(buf, 0, szb_buf);
            i = 0; /* Clear work area and reset write index */
            if(cl == 0)
            { /* Set entry 0 and 1 */
                st_dword(buf + i, 0xFFFFFFF8);
                i += 4;
                cl++;
                st_dword(buf + i, 0xFFFFFFFF);
                i += 4;
                cl++;
            }
            do
            { /* Create chains of bitmap, up-case and root dir */
                while(nb && i < szb_buf)
                { /* Create a chain */
                    st_dword(buf + i, (nb > 1) ? cl + 1 : 0xFFFFFFFF);
                    i += 4;
                    cl++;
                    nb--;
                }
                if(!nb && j < 3)
                    nb = tbl[j++]; /* Next chain */
            } while(nb && i < szb_buf);
            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect; /* Write the buffered data */
            if(disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK)
                return FR_DISK_ERR;
            sect += n;
            nsect -= n;
        } while(nsect);

        /* Initialize the root directory */
        mem_set(buf, 0, szb_buf);
        buf[SZDIRE * 0 + 0] = 0x83; /* 83 entry (volume label) */
        buf[SZDIRE * 1 + 0] = 0x81; /* 81 entry (allocation bitmap) */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 1 + 20, 2);
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 1 + 24, szb_bit);
        buf[SZDIRE * 2 + 0] = 0x82; /* 82 entry (up-case table) */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 2 + 4, sum);
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 2 + 20, 2 + tbl[0]);
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 2 + 24, szb_case);
        sect = b_data + au * (tbl[0] + tbl[1]);
        nsect = au; /* Start of the root directory and number of sectors */
        do
        { /* Fill root directory sectors */
            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;
            if(disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK)
                return FR_DISK_ERR;
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            sect += n;
            nsect -= n;
        } while(nsect);

        /* Create two set of the exFAT VBR blocks */
        sect = b_vol;
        for(n = 0; n < 2; n++)
        {
            /* Main record (+0) */
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            mem_cpy(buf + BS_JmpBoot, "\xEB\x76\x90"
                                      "EXFAT   ",
                    11);                                         /* Boot jump code (x86), OEM name */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_VolOfsEx, b_vol);                 /* Volume offset in the physical drive [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_TotSecEx, sz_vol);                /* Volume size [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_FatOfsEx, b_fat - b_vol);         /* FAT offset [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_FatSzEx, sz_fat);                 /* FAT size [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_DataOfsEx, b_data - b_vol);       /* Data offset [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_NumClusEx, n_clst);               /* Number of clusters */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_RootClusEx, 2 + tbl[0] + tbl[1]); /* Root dir cluster # */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_VolIDEx, GET_FATTIME());          /* VSN */
            st_word(buf + BPB_FSVerEx, 0x100);                   /* File system version (1.00) */
            for(buf[BPB_BytsPerSecEx] = 0, i = ss; i >>= 1; buf[BPB_BytsPerSecEx]++)
                ; /* Log2 of sector size [byte] */
            for(buf[BPB_SecPerClusEx] = 0, i = au; i >>= 1; buf[BPB_SecPerClusEx]++)
                ;                                 /* Log2 of cluster size [sector] */
            buf[BPB_NumFATsEx] = 1;               /* Number of FATs */
            buf[BPB_DrvNumEx] = 0x80;             /* Drive number (for int13) */
            st_word(buf + BS_BootCodeEx, 0xFEEB); /* Boot code (x86) */
            st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);       /* Signature (placed here regardless of sector size) */
            for(i = sum = 0; i < ss; i++)
            { /* VBR checksum */
                if(i != BPB_VolFlagEx && i != BPB_VolFlagEx + 1 && i != BPB_PercInUseEx)
                    sum = xsum32(buf[i], sum);
            }
            if(disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK)
                return FR_DISK_ERR;
            /* Extended bootstrap record (+1..+8) */
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            st_word(buf + ss - 2, 0xAA55); /* Signature (placed at end of sector) */
            for(j = 1; j < 9; j++)
            {
                for(i = 0; i < ss; sum = xsum32(buf[i++], sum))
                    ; /* VBR checksum */
                if(disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK)
                    return FR_DISK_ERR;
            }
            /* OEM/Reserved record (+9..+10) */
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            for(; j < 11; j++)
            {
                for(i = 0; i < ss; sum = xsum32(buf[i++], sum))
                    ; /* VBR checksum */
                if(disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK)
                    return FR_DISK_ERR;
            }
            /* Sum record (+11) */
            for(i = 0; i < ss; i += 4)
                st_dword(buf + i, sum); /* Fill with checksum value */
            if(disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK)
                return FR_DISK_ERR;
        }
    } else
#endif /* _FS_EXFAT */
    {  /* Create an FAT12/16/32 volume */
        do
        {
            pau = au;
            /* Pre-determine number of clusters and FAT sub-type */
            if(fmt == FS_FAT32)
            { /* FAT32 volume */
                if(!pau)
                {                         /* au auto-selection */
                    n = sz_vol / 0x20000; /* Volume size in unit of 128KS */
                    for(i = 0, pau = 1; cst32[i] && cst32[i] <= n; i++, pau <<= 1)
                        ; /* Get from table */
                }
                n_clst = sz_vol / pau;                   /* Number of clusters */
                sz_fat = (n_clst * 4 + 8 + ss - 1) / ss; /* FAT size [sector] */
                sz_rsv = 32;                             /* Number of reserved sectors */
                sz_dir = 0;                              /* No static directory */
                if(n_clst <= MAX_FAT16 || n_clst > MAX_FAT32)
                    return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;
            } else
            { /* FAT12/16 volume */
                if(!pau)
                {                        /* au auto-selection */
                    n = sz_vol / 0x1000; /* Volume size in unit of 4KS */
                    for(i = 0, pau = 1; cst[i] && cst[i] <= n; i++, pau <<= 1)
                        ; /* Get from table */
                }
                n_clst = sz_vol / pau;
                if(n_clst > MAX_FAT12)
                {
                    n = n_clst * 2 + 4; /* FAT size [byte] */
                } else
                {
                    fmt = FS_FAT12;
                    n = (n_clst * 3 + 1) / 2 + 3; /* FAT size [byte] */
                }
                sz_fat = (n + ss - 1) / ss;              /* FAT size [sector] */
                sz_rsv = 1;                              /* Number of reserved sectors */
                sz_dir = (DWORD)n_rootdir * SZDIRE / ss; /* Rootdir size [sector] */
            }
            b_fat = b_vol + sz_rsv;                    /* FAT base */
            b_data = b_fat + sz_fat * n_fats + sz_dir; /* Data base */

            /* Align data base to erase block boundary (for flash memory media) */
            n = ((b_data + sz_blk - 1) & ~(sz_blk - 1)) - b_data; /* Next nearest erase block from current data base */
            if(fmt == FS_FAT32)
            { /* FAT32: Move FAT base */
                sz_rsv += n;
                b_fat += n;
            } else
            { /* FAT12/16: Expand FAT size */
                sz_fat += n / n_fats;
            }

            /* Determine number of clusters and final check of validity of the FAT sub-type */
            if(sz_vol < b_data + pau * 16 - b_vol)
                return FR_MKFS_ABORTED; /* Too small volume */
            n_clst = (sz_vol - sz_rsv - sz_fat * n_fats - sz_dir) / pau;
            if(fmt == FS_FAT32)
            {
                if(n_clst <= MAX_FAT16)
                { /* Too few clusters for FAT32 */
                    if(!au && (au = pau / 2) != 0)
                        continue; /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;
                }
            }
            if(fmt == FS_FAT16)
            {
                if(n_clst > MAX_FAT16)
                { /* Too many clusters for FAT16 */
                    if(!au && (pau * 2) <= 64)
                    {
                        au = pau * 2;
                        continue; /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    }
                    if((opt & FM_FAT32))
                    {
                        fmt = FS_FAT32;
                        continue; /* Switch type to FAT32 and retry */
                    }
                    if(!au && (au = pau * 2) <= 128)
                        continue; /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;
                }
                if(n_clst <= MAX_FAT12)
                { /* Too few clusters for FAT16 */
                    if(!au && (au = pau * 2) <= 128)
                        continue; /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;
                }
            }
            if(fmt == FS_FAT12 && n_clst > MAX_FAT12)
                return FR_MKFS_ABORTED; /* Too many clusters for FAT12 */

            /* Ok, it is the valid cluster configuration */
            break;
        } while(1);

#if _USE_TRIM
        tbl[0] = b_vol;
        tbl[1] = b_vol + sz_vol - 1; /* Inform the device the volume area can be erased */
        disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_TRIM, tbl);
#endif
        /* Create FAT VBR */
        mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
        mem_cpy(buf + BS_JmpBoot, "\xEB\xFE\x90"
                                  "MSDOS5.0",
                11);                                                              /* Boot jump code (x86), OEM name */
        st_word(buf + BPB_BytsPerSec, ss);                                        /* Sector size [byte] */
        buf[BPB_SecPerClus] = (BYTE)pau;                                          /* Cluster size [sector] */
        st_word(buf + BPB_RsvdSecCnt, (WORD)sz_rsv);                              /* Size of reserved area */
        buf[BPB_NumFATs] = (BYTE)n_fats;                                          /* Number of FATs */
        st_word(buf + BPB_RootEntCnt, (WORD)((fmt == FS_FAT32) ? 0 : n_rootdir)); /* Number of root directory entries */
        if(sz_vol < 0x10000)
        {
            st_word(buf + BPB_TotSec16, (WORD)sz_vol); /* Volume size in 16-bit LBA */
        } else
        {
            st_dword(buf + BPB_TotSec32, sz_vol); /* Volume size in 32-bit LBA */
        }
        buf[BPB_Media] = 0xF8;              /* Media descriptor byte */
        st_word(buf + BPB_SecPerTrk, 63);   /* Number of sectors per track (for int13) */
        st_word(buf + BPB_NumHeads, 255);   /* Number of heads (for int13) */
        st_dword(buf + BPB_HiddSec, b_vol); /* Volume offset in the physical drive [sector] */
        if(fmt == FS_FAT32)
        {
            st_dword(buf + BS_VolID32, GET_FATTIME()); /* VSN */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_FATSz32, sz_fat);       /* FAT size [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_RootClus32, 2);         /* Root directory cluster # (2) */
            st_word(buf + BPB_FSInfo32, 1);            /* Offset of FSINFO sector (VBR + 1) */
            st_word(buf + BPB_BkBootSec32, 6);         /* Offset of backup VBR (VBR + 6) */
            buf[BS_DrvNum32] = 0x80;                   /* Drive number (for int13) */
            buf[BS_BootSig32] = 0x29;                  /* Extended boot signature */
            mem_cpy(buf + BS_VolLab32, "NO NAME    "
                                       "FAT32   ",
                    19); /* Volume label, FAT signature */
        } else
        {
            st_dword(buf + BS_VolID, GET_FATTIME());  /* VSN */
            st_word(buf + BPB_FATSz16, (WORD)sz_fat); /* FAT size [sector] */
            buf[BS_DrvNum] = 0x80;                    /* Drive number (for int13) */
            buf[BS_BootSig] = 0x29;                   /* Extended boot signature */
            mem_cpy(buf + BS_VolLab, "NO NAME    "
                                     "FAT     ",
                    19); /* Volume label, FAT signature */
        }
        st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55); /* Signature (offset is fixed here regardless of sector size) */
        if(disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol, 1) != RES_OK)
            return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Write it to the VBR sector */

        /* Create FSINFO record if needed */
        if(fmt == FS_FAT32)
        {
            disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol + 6, 1); /* Write backup VBR (VBR + 6) */
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            st_dword(buf + FSI_LeadSig, 0x41615252);
            st_dword(buf + FSI_StrucSig, 0x61417272);
            st_dword(buf + FSI_Free_Count, n_clst - 1); /* Number of free clusters */
            st_dword(buf + FSI_Nxt_Free, 2);            /* Last allocated cluster# */
            st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);
            disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol + 7, 1); /* Write backup FSINFO (VBR + 7) */
            disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol + 1, 1); /* Write original FSINFO (VBR + 1) */
        }

        /* Initialize FAT area */
        mem_set(buf, 0, (UINT)szb_buf);
        sect = b_fat; /* FAT start sector */
        for(i = 0; i < n_fats; i++)
        { /* Initialize FATs each */
            if(fmt == FS_FAT32)
            {
                st_dword(buf + 0, 0xFFFFFFF8); /* Entry 0 */
                st_dword(buf + 4, 0xFFFFFFFF); /* Entry 1 */
                st_dword(buf + 8, 0x0FFFFFFF); /* Entry 2 (root directory) */
            } else
            {
                st_dword(buf + 0, (fmt == FS_FAT12) ? 0xFFFFF8 : 0xFFFFFFF8); /* Entry 0 and 1 */
            }
            nsect = sz_fat; /* Number of FAT sectors */
            do
            { /* Fill FAT sectors */
                n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;
                if(disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, (UINT)n) != RES_OK)
                    return FR_DISK_ERR;
                mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
                sect += n;
                nsect -= n;
            } while(nsect);
        }

        /* Initialize root directory (fill with zero) */
        nsect = (fmt == FS_FAT32) ? pau : sz_dir; /* Number of root directory sectors */
        do
        {
            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;
            if(disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, (UINT)n) != RES_OK)
                return FR_DISK_ERR;
            sect += n;
            nsect -= n;
        } while(nsect);
    }

    /* Determine system ID in the partition table */
    if(_FS_EXFAT && fmt == FS_EXFAT)
    {
        sys = 0x07; /* HPFS/NTFS/exFAT */
    } else
    {
        if(fmt == FS_FAT32)
        {
            sys = 0x0C; /* FAT32X */
        } else
        {
            if(sz_vol >= 0x10000)
            {
                sys = 0x06; /* FAT12/16 (>=64KS) */
            } else
            {
                sys = (fmt == FS_FAT16) ? 0x04 : 0x01; /* FAT16 (<64KS) : FAT12 (<64KS) */
            }
        }
    }

    if(_MULTI_PARTITION && part != 0)
    {
        /* Update system ID in the partition table */
        if(disk_read(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK)
            return FR_DISK_ERR;                                  /* Read the MBR */
        buf[MBR_Table + (part - 1) * SZ_PTE + PTE_System] = sys; /* Set system type */
        if(disk_write(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK)
            return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Write it back to the MBR */
    } else
    {
        if(!(opt & FM_SFD))
        {
            /* Create partition table in FDISK format */
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);       /* MBR signature */
            pte = buf + MBR_Table;                /* Create partition table for single partition in the drive */
            pte[PTE_Boot] = 0;                    /* Boot indicator */
            pte[PTE_StHead] = 1;                  /* Start head */
            pte[PTE_StSec] = 1;                   /* Start sector */
            pte[PTE_StCyl] = 0;                   /* Start cylinder */
            pte[PTE_System] = sys;                /* System type */
            n = (b_vol + sz_vol) / (63 * 255);    /* (End CHS is incorrect) */
            pte[PTE_EdHead] = 254;                /* End head */
            pte[PTE_EdSec] = (BYTE)(n >> 2 | 63); /* End sector */
            pte[PTE_EdCyl] = (BYTE)n;             /* End cylinder */
            st_dword(pte + PTE_StLba, b_vol);     /* Start offset in LBA */
            st_dword(pte + PTE_SizLba, sz_vol);   /* Size in sectors */
            if(disk_write(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK)
                return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Write it to the MBR */
        }
    }

    if(disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_SYNC, 0) != RES_OK)
        return FR_DISK_ERR;

    return FR_OK;
}

#if _MULTI_PARTITION
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create partition table on the physical drive                          */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_fdisk(
    BYTE pdrv,        /* Physical drive number */
    const DWORD *szt, /* Pointer to the size table for each partitions */
    void *work        /* Pointer to the working buffer */
)
{
    UINT i, n, sz_cyl, tot_cyl, b_cyl, e_cyl, p_cyl;
    BYTE s_hd, e_hd, *p, *buf = (BYTE *)work;
    DSTATUS stat;
    DWORD sz_disk, sz_part, s_part;

    stat = disk_initialize(pdrv);
    if(stat & STA_NOINIT)
        return FR_NOT_READY;
    if(stat & STA_PROTECT)
        return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
    if(disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_SECTOR_COUNT, &sz_disk))
        return FR_DISK_ERR;

    /* Determine the CHS without any care of the drive geometry */
    for(n = 16; n < 256 && sz_disk / n / 63 > 1024; n *= 2)
        ;
    if(n == 256)
        n--;
    e_hd = n - 1;
    sz_cyl = 63 * n;
    tot_cyl = sz_disk / sz_cyl;

    /* Create partition table */
    mem_set(buf, 0, _MAX_SS);
    p = buf + MBR_Table;
    b_cyl = 0;
    for(i = 0; i < 4; i++, p += SZ_PTE)
    {
        p_cyl = (szt[i] <= 100U) ? (DWORD)tot_cyl * szt[i] / 100 : szt[i] / sz_cyl;
        if(!p_cyl)
            continue;
        s_part = (DWORD)sz_cyl * b_cyl;
        sz_part = (DWORD)sz_cyl * p_cyl;
        if(i == 0)
        { /* Exclude first track of cylinder 0 */
            s_hd = 1;
            s_part += 63;
            sz_part -= 63;
        } else
        {
            s_hd = 0;
        }
        e_cyl = b_cyl + p_cyl - 1;
        if(e_cyl >= tot_cyl)
            return FR_INVALID_PARAMETER;

        /* Set partition table */
        p[1] = s_hd;                      /* Start head */
        p[2] = (BYTE)((b_cyl >> 2) + 1);  /* Start sector */
        p[3] = (BYTE)b_cyl;               /* Start cylinder */
        p[4] = 0x06;                      /* System type (temporary setting) */
        p[5] = e_hd;                      /* End head */
        p[6] = (BYTE)((e_cyl >> 2) + 63); /* End sector */
        p[7] = (BYTE)e_cyl;               /* End cylinder */
        st_dword(p + 8, s_part);          /* Start sector in LBA */
        st_dword(p + 12, sz_part);        /* Partition size */

        /* Next partition */
        b_cyl += p_cyl;
    }
    st_word(p, 0xAA55);

    /* Write it to the MBR */
    return (disk_write(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK || disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_SYNC, 0) != RES_OK) ? FR_DISK_ERR : FR_OK;
}

#endif /* _MULTI_PARTITION */
#endif /* _USE_MKFS && !_FS_READONLY */

#if _USE_STRFUNC
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get a string from the file                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

TCHAR *f_gets(
    TCHAR *buff, /* Pointer to the string buffer to read */
    int len,     /* Size of string buffer (characters) */
    FIL *fp      /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    int n = 0;
    TCHAR c, *p = buff;
    BYTE s[2];
    UINT rc;

    while(n < len - 1)
    { /* Read characters until buffer gets filled */
#if _LFN_UNICODE
#if _STRF_ENCODE == 3 /* Read a character in UTF-8 */
        f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc);
        if(rc != 1)
            break;
        c = s[0];
        if(c >= 0x80)
        {
            if(c < 0xC0)
                continue; /* Skip stray trailer */
            if(c < 0xE0)
            { /* Two-byte sequence */
                f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc);
                if(rc != 1)
                    break;
                c = (c & 0x1F) << 6 | (s[0] & 0x3F);
                if(c < 0x80)
                    c = '?';
            } else
            {
                if(c < 0xF0)
                { /* Three-byte sequence */
                    f_read(fp, s, 2, &rc);
                    if(rc != 2)
                        break;
                    c = c << 12 | (s[0] & 0x3F) << 6 | (s[1] & 0x3F);
                    if(c < 0x800)
                        c = '?';
                } else
                { /* Reject four-byte sequence */
                    c = '?';
                }
            }
        }
#elif _STRF_ENCODE == 2 /* Read a character in UTF-16BE */
        f_read(fp, s, 2, &rc);
        if(rc != 2)
            break;
        c = s[1] + (s[0] << 8);
#elif _STRF_ENCODE == 1 /* Read a character in UTF-16LE */
        f_read(fp, s, 2, &rc);
        if(rc != 2)
            break;
        c = s[0] + (s[1] << 8);
#else                   /* Read a character in ANSI/OEM */
        f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc);
        if(rc != 1)
            break;
        c = s[0];
        if(IsDBCS1(c))
        {
            f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc);
            if(rc != 1)
                break;
            c = (c << 8) + s[0];
        }
        c = ff_convert(c, 1); /* OEM -> Unicode */
        if(!c)
            c = '?';
#endif
#else /* Read a character without conversion */
        f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc);
        if(rc != 1)
            break;
        c = s[0];
#endif
        if(_USE_STRFUNC == 2 && c == '\r')
            continue; /* Strip '\r' */
        *p++ = c;
        n++;
        if(c == '\n')
            break; /* Break on EOL */
    }
    *p = 0;
    return n ? buff : 0; /* When no data read (eof or error), return with error. */
}

#if !_FS_READONLY
#include <stdarg.h>
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Put a character to the file                                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

typedef struct
{
    FIL *fp;       /* Ptr to the writing file */
    int idx, nchr; /* Write index of buf[] (-1:error), number of chars written */
    BYTE buf[64];  /* Write buffer */
} putbuff;

static void putc_bfd(/* Buffered write with code conversion */
                     putbuff *pb,
                     TCHAR c)
{
    UINT bw;
    int i;

    if(_USE_STRFUNC == 2 && c == '\n')
    { /* LF -> CRLF conversion */
        putc_bfd(pb, '\r');
    }

    i = pb->idx; /* Write index of pb->buf[] */
    if(i < 0)
        return;

#if _LFN_UNICODE
#if _STRF_ENCODE == 3 /* Write a character in UTF-8 */
    if(c < 0x80)
    { /* 7-bit */
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)c;
    } else
    {
        if(c < 0x800)
        { /* 11-bit */
            pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0xC0 | c >> 6);
        } else
        { /* 16-bit */
            pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0xE0 | c >> 12);
            pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (c >> 6 & 0x3F));
        }
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (c & 0x3F));
    }
#elif _STRF_ENCODE == 2 /* Write a character in UTF-16BE */
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(c >> 8);
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)c;
#elif _STRF_ENCODE == 1 /* Write a character in UTF-16LE */
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)c;
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(c >> 8);
#else                   /* Write a character in ANSI/OEM */
    c = ff_convert(c, 0); /* Unicode -> OEM */
    if(!c)
        c = '?';
    if(c >= 0x100)
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(c >> 8);
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)c;
#endif
#else /* Write a character without conversion */
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)c;
#endif

    if(i >= (int)(sizeof pb->buf) - 3)
    { /* Write buffered characters to the file */
        f_write(pb->fp, pb->buf, (UINT)i, &bw);
        i = (bw == (UINT)i) ? 0 : -1;
    }
    pb->idx = i;
    pb->nchr++;
}

static int putc_flush(/* Flush left characters in the buffer */
                      putbuff *pb)
{
    UINT nw;

    if(pb->idx >= 0 /* Flush buffered characters to the file */
       && f_write(pb->fp, pb->buf, (UINT)pb->idx, &nw) == FR_OK && (UINT)pb->idx == nw)
        return pb->nchr;
    return EOF;
}

static void putc_init(/* Initialize write buffer */
                      putbuff *pb,
                      FIL *fp)
{
    pb->fp = fp;
    pb->nchr = pb->idx = 0;
}

int f_putc(
    TCHAR c, /* A character to be output */
    FIL *fp  /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    putbuff pb;

    putc_init(&pb, fp);
    putc_bfd(&pb, c); /* Put the character */
    return putc_flush(&pb);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Put a string to the file                                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

int f_puts(
    const TCHAR *str, /* Pointer to the string to be output */
    FIL *fp           /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    putbuff pb;

    putc_init(&pb, fp);
    while(*str)
        putc_bfd(&pb, *str++); /* Put the string */
    return putc_flush(&pb);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Put a formatted string to the file                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

int f_printf(
    FIL *fp,          /* Pointer to the file object */
    const TCHAR *fmt, /* Pointer to the format string */
    ...               /* Optional arguments... */
)
{
    va_list arp;
    putbuff pb;
    BYTE f, r;
    UINT i, j, w;
    DWORD v;
    TCHAR c, d, str[32], *p;

    putc_init(&pb, fp);

    va_start(arp, fmt);

    for(;;)
    {
        c = *fmt++;
        if(c == 0)
            break; /* End of string */
        if(c != '%')
        { /* Non escape character */
            putc_bfd(&pb, c);
            continue;
        }
        w = f = 0;
        c = *fmt++;
        if(c == '0')
        { /* Flag: '0' padding */
            f = 1;
            c = *fmt++;
        } else
        {
            if(c == '-')
            { /* Flag: left justified */
                f = 2;
                c = *fmt++;
            }
        }
        while(IsDigit(c))
        { /* Precision */
            w = w * 10 + c - '0';
            c = *fmt++;
        }
        if(c == 'l' || c == 'L')
        { /* Prefix: Size is long int */
            f |= 4;
            c = *fmt++;
        }
        if(!c)
            break;
        d = c;
        if(IsLower(d))
            d -= 0x20;
        switch(d)
        {             /* Type is... */
            case 'S': /* String */
                p = va_arg(arp, TCHAR *);
                for(j = 0; p[j]; j++)
                    ;
                if(!(f & 2))
                {
                    while(j++ < w)
                        putc_bfd(&pb, ' ');
                }
                while(*p)
                    putc_bfd(&pb, *p++);
                while(j++ < w)
                    putc_bfd(&pb, ' ');
                continue;
            case 'C': /* Character */
                putc_bfd(&pb, (TCHAR)va_arg(arp, int));
                continue;
            case 'B': /* Binary */
                r = 2;
                break;
            case 'O': /* Octal */
                r = 8;
                break;
            case 'D': /* Signed decimal */
            case 'U': /* Unsigned decimal */
                r = 10;
                break;
            case 'X': /* Hexdecimal */
                r = 16;
                break;
            default: /* Unknown type (pass-through) */
                putc_bfd(&pb, c);
                continue;
        }

        /* Get an argument and put it in numeral */
        v = (f & 4) ? (DWORD)va_arg(arp, long) : ((d == 'D') ? (DWORD)(long)va_arg(arp, int) : (DWORD)va_arg(arp, unsigned int));
        if(d == 'D' && (v & 0x80000000))
        {
            v = 0 - v;
            f |= 8;
        }
        i = 0;
        do
        {
            d = (TCHAR)(v % r);
            v /= r;
            if(d > 9)
                d += (c == 'x') ? 0x27 : 0x07;
            str[i++] = d + '0';
        } while(v && i < sizeof str / sizeof str[0]);
        if(f & 8)
            str[i++] = '-';
        j = i;
        d = (f & 1) ? '0' : ' ';
        while(!(f & 2) && j++ < w)
            putc_bfd(&pb, d);
        do
            putc_bfd(&pb, str[--i]);
        while(i);
        while(j++ < w)
            putc_bfd(&pb, d);
    }

    va_end(arp);

    return putc_flush(&pb);
}

#endif /* !_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* _USE_STRFUNC */
